Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; demersal; depth range 0 - 37 m (Ref. 2850), usually 0 - 18 m (Ref. 2850). Subtropical; 12°C - 19°C (Ref. 131060); 43°N - 27°N, 125°W - 114°W
Eastern Pacific: Eureka in northern California, USA to central Baja California, Mexico.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm 15.0, range 14 - ? cm
Max length : 39.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2850); max. reported age: 22 years (Ref. 39279)
Inhabit holes and crevices in rocky areas (Ref. 2850). Found in intertidal areas and to 37 m (Ref. 2850). Viviparous (Ref. 34817).
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; aquarium: public aquariums
Tools
Special reports
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Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 12.4 - 19, mean 16.7 °C (based on 69 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00495 - 0.02022), b=3.09 (2.92 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.54 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 5.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (tmax=30; tm=4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 68.3 [21.2, 216.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.699 [0.273, 1.872] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.4, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.607 [0.261, 1.488] g/100g; Selenium = 49.7 [17.9, 161.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.5 [5.4, 42.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.625 [0.318, 1.206] mg/100g (wet weight);
