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Gymnocranius grandoculis (Valenciennes, 1830)

Blue-lined large-eye bream
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Gymnocranius grandoculis   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Lethrinidae (Emperors or scavengers) > Monotaxinae
Etymology: Gymnocranius: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, kranion = skull (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; reef-associated; non-migratory; depth range 20 - 170 m (Ref. 12260). Tropical; 35°N - 28°S, 32°E - 134°W

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: East Africa to southeastern Oceania and from Australia northward to Japan. This species has been referred to as Gymnocranius robinsoni in recent literature.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 80.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2295); common length : 64.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 37816); max. published weight: 5.5 kg (Ref. 40637)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 10; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 10.

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Inhabits offshore reefs (Ref. 9710), trawling grounds of the continental shelves and offshore rocky bottoms (Ref. 30573). Juveniles inshore on muddy substrates (Ref. 48635). Solitary or in small groups (Ref. 90102). Feeds mostly on bottom invertebrates and small fishes (Ref. 30573). Potential commercial fish if sufficient stocks can be located (Ref. 9775). Marketed fresh (Ref. 9775); sometimes with a strong and unpleasant flavor (Ref. 11888).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen, 1989. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(9):118 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 2295)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 09 March 2015

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

More information

Trophic ecology
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Ecology
Ecology
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Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
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References

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Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | National databases | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 21.6 - 28.3, mean 26.8 °C (based on 971 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5010   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01905 (0.01114 - 0.03260), b=2.89 (2.74 - 3.04), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.8   ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 4.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.
Resilience (Ref. 120179):  Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.23).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   High.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 24.1 [12.4, 44.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.444 [0.237, 0.745] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [17.7, 21.7] %; Omega3 = 0.133 [0.079, 0.191] g/100g; Selenium = 49.7 [31.1, 84.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 47.9 [15.7, 134.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.876 [0.633, 1.196] mg/100g (wet weight);