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Teleostei (teleosts) > Mugiliformes (Mullets) > Mugilidae (Mullets)
More on author: Bleeker.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; freshwater; brackish; demersal; catadromous (Ref. 46888); depth range 0 - 3 m (Ref. 86942). Tropical; 27°N - 26°S, 99°E - 171°E

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: Indonesia and Philippines to New Hebrides [=Vanuatu], north to the southern Japanese Islands. Reported from freshwater in New Caledonia (Ref. 13235).

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9812); common length : 23.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9812)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 4 - 5; Dorsal soft rays (total): 8; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 8 - 9.

Found in coastal waters and ascending rivers into freshwater, penetrating far upstream from river mouth. Found in turbid channels and over gravel-bottoms. Oviparous, eggs are pelagic and non-adhesive (Ref. 205). Food-fish.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Harrison, Ian | Collaborators

Harrison, I.J. and H. Senou, 1997. Order Mugiliformes. Mugilidae. Mullets. p. 2069-2108. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9812)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 16 September 2011

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Trophic ecology
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 27.2 - 29.3, mean 28.8 °C (based on 1309 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00555 - 0.02485), b=2.96 (2.79 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 2.3 ±0.1 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Resilience (Ref. 120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Assuming Fec>10,000).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Moolgarda heterocheilos (Bleeker, 1855)