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Teleostei (teleosts) > Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Sardinella: Latin and Greek, sarda = sardine; name related to the island of Sardinia; diminutive (Ref. 45335); tawilis: tawilis is a local tagalog name (Ref. 2930).
More on author: Herre.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Freshwater; pelagic; non-migratory. Tropical; 18°N - 14°N

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Asia: endemic to Lake Taal (formerly Lake Bombon), Luzon, Philippines. This freshwater lake, linked to the sea via the Pansipit River, was part of Balayan Bay, South China Sea, and was formed by a series of volcanic eruptions in the 18th century (Ref. 5522).

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m 7.9 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 12.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5520); 15.2 cm TL (female); max. published weight: 0.00 g

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 15 - 18; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 18 - 21; Vertebrae: 39 - 42. Total scutes 28 to 30. gill rakers slender, long and numerous (Ref. 5520).

Inhabits lakes. This is the only species of Sardinella that is apparently found only, or even mainly, in freshwater. Presumably schooling. Also caught using ring nets (Ref. 5520). Mainly caught by gill net, beach seine, ring net and motorized push net (Refs.81494, 80728, 5520). Eaten fresh or dried (Ref. 5517). Is threatened by overfishing (Ref. 6308).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)

Endangered (EN) (A2bd; B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)); Date assessed: 28 February 2017

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: subsistence fisheries

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Trophic ecology
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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00480 - 0.01510), b=2.98 (2.83 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (22 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Sardinella tawilis (Herre, 1927)