Teleostei (teleosts) >
Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes) >
Chaetodontidae (Butterflyfishes)
Etymology: rumsfeldi: Named for Donald Rumsfeld.
Eponymy: Donald Henry Rumsfeld (1932-2021) was an American politician who immortalized the quote (2002): “…there are known knowns; there are things we know we know. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; reef-associated; depth range 100 - 130 m (Ref. 116443). Tropical
Western Pacific: Philippines.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 7.8 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 116443)
Dorsal spines (total): 11; Dorsal soft rays (total): 20; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 17. This species is distinguished from its congeners by the following characters: less number of pored scales in the lateral line (27 vs. 37-46); longer snout (35.9% in HL vs. 28.2-35.5%); shorter first dorsal ray (12% in SL vs. 16.6-26.6%); longer caudal peduncle (8.5% in SL vs. 4.2-8.2%); shorter caudal fin (15.9% in SL vs. 19.8-25.9%); with a dark brown pelvic-fin spine (vs. white) (Ref. 116443).
Areas of collection vary from sheltered rocky outcroppings which are heavily covered by fine sediment to areas exposed to strong currents. Ambient seawater temperature varied between 19 and 21°C during dives conducted in April-May over several years. Azooxanthellate gorgonians, black corals, and solitary stony corals were the most abundant benthic invertebrates in this area (Ref. 116443).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Rocha, L.A., H.T. Pinheiro, M. Wandell, C.R. Rocha and B. Shepherd, 2017. Roa rumsfeldi, a new butterflyfish (Teleostei, Chaetodontidae) from mesophotic coral ecosystems of the Philippines. ZooKeys 709:127-134. (Ref. 116443)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02239 (0.01097 - 0.04568), b=3.01 (2.84 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
