Teleostei (teleosts) >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Rhinosardinia: Greek, rhinos = nose + Latin, sardina, derived from Greek, sarda = sardine and also connected with the island of Sardinia (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Steindachner.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Freshwater; brackish; pelagic. Tropical; 10°N - 8°S, 69°W - 47°W (Ref. 188)
South America: lower reaches of the Orinoco, rivers of the Guianas, Amazon at Pará, but undoubtedly elsewhere in its lower part.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 11.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 105080); common length : 5.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 188)
Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13 - 21; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 15 - 18. Belly strongly keeled; two distinct parallel striae on scales; a silver stripe along flank in some specimens. Easily separated from all other clupeids in the area by the sharp retrorse spine on the upper part of the maxilla at about the level of the eye center. Distinguished from the very similar R. bahiensis mainly by having fewer vertebrae (38 or 39) and fewer scales in lateral series (Ref. 188). Body silvery, head yellowish white (Ref. 37032).
A riverine freshwater species, but also tolerates brackish water. Presumably schooling. Feeds on zooplankton.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: subsistence fisheries
Tools
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00646 (0.00413 - 0.01009), b=3.11 (2.98 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
