Family Triacanthodidae - Spikefishes | ||||
Order | : | Tetraodontiformes | ||
Class | : | Teleostei | ||
No. in FishBase | : | Genera : 11 | Species : 23 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes | ||
Environment | : | Fresh : No | Brackish : No | Marine : Yes | ||
Division | : | Marine | ||
Aquarium | : | none | ||
First Fossil Record | : | |||
Remark | : | Distribution: western Atlantic and Indo-Pacific. Tropical and subtropical. Deepwater benthic. Morphology: easily distinguished externally from other families of the order Tetraodontiformes by the following set of characters: body deep and slightly compressed, covered by moderately thick skin with numerous small scales not readily seen to the unaided eye, each scale bearing upright spinules and having a roughly shagreen-like appearance; dorsal fins 2, D1 VI, D2 12-18; caudal fin rounded to almost truncate, not forked; most dorsal-, anal-, and pectoral-fin rays are branched; pelvic fins with a large spine and one or two inconspicuous and rudimentary soft rays; mouth small, usually terminal; teeth of moderate size, usually conical, 10 or more in an outer series in each jaw; caudal peduncle compressed, and deeper than wide, not distinctly tapered. Depth range: usually 100-600 m on continental shelves and slopes. Subfamilies: 2 (Hollardiinae, Triacanthodinae) | ||
Etymology | : | Greek, tres, tria = three + Greek, akantha = thorn ( Ref. 45335). | ||
Reproductive guild | : | |||
Typical activity level | : | |||
Main Ref. | : | Matsuura, K. 2015 | ||
Coordinator | : | Matsuura, K. 2015 | ||
Deep Fin Classification | : | Osteichthyes | Actinopterygii | Actinopteri | Neopterygii | Teleostei | Osteoglossocephalai | Clupeocephala | Euteleosteomorpha | Neoteleostei | Eurypterygia | Ctenosquamata | Acanthomorphata | Acanthopterygii | Percomorphaceae | Eupercaria | | | Tetraodontiformes | Triacanthodoidei | | Triacanthodidae |
Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Triacanthodinae | ||||
Triacanthodes anomalus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850) | accepted | senior | new | |
Triacanthus anomalus Temminck & Schlegel, 1850 | synonym | senior | original | |
Triacanthodes ethiops Alcock, 1894 | accepted | senior | original | |
! Triacanthoides athiops Alcock, 1894 | synonym | senior | original | |
Paratriacanthodes myersi Fraser-Brunner, 1941 | synonym | junior | original | |
Triacanthodes anomalus japonicus Kamohara, 1943 | synonym | junior | original | |
Triacanthodes indicus Matsuura, 1982 | accepted | senior | original | |
Triacanthodes intermedius Matsuura & Fourmanoir, 1984 | accepted | senior | original | |
Halimochirurgus centriscoides Alcock, 1899 | accepted | senior | original | |
! Halimochirugus centriscoides Alcock, 1899 | synonym | senior | original | |
Halimochirurgus alcocki Weber, 1913 | accepted | senior | original | |
Halimochirurgus triacanthus Fowler, 1934 | synonym | junior | original | |
Halimochirurgus macraulos Fowler, 1934 | synonym | junior | original | |
Tydemania navigatoris Weber, 1913 | accepted | senior | original | |
Bathyphylax bombifrons Myers, 1934 | accepted | senior | original | |
Bathyphylax omen Tyler, 1966 | accepted | senior | original | |
Bathyphylax pruvosti Santini, 2006 | accepted | senior | original | |
Johnsonina eriomma Myers, 1934 | accepted | senior | original | |
! Johnsonina erioma Myers, 1934 | synonym | senior | original | |
Macrorhamphosodes platycheilus Fowler, 1934 | accepted | senior | original | |
Solenostomus tuticoriensis Venkataramanujam, Venkataramani & Devaraj, 1993 | synonym | junior | original | |
Macrorhamphosodes uradoi (Kamohara, 1933) | accepted | senior | new | |
Halimochirus uradoi Kamohara, 1933 | synonym | senior | original | |
Paratriacanthodes retrospinis Fowler, 1934 | accepted | senior | original | |
! Paratriacanthodes retrospinus Fowler, 1934 | synonym | senior | original | |
Paratriacanthodes herrei Myers, 1934 | accepted | senior | original | |
Paratriacanthodes abei Tyler, 1997 | accepted | senior | original | |
Atrophacanthus japonicus (Kamohara, 1941) | accepted | senior | new | |
Tydemania japonica Kamohara, 1941 | synonym | senior | original | |
Atrophacanthus danae Fraser-Brunner, 1950 | synonym | junior | original | |
Mephisto fraserbrunneri Tyler, 1966 | accepted | senior | original | |
! Mephisto faserbrunneri Tyler, 1966 | synonym | senior | original | |
Hollardiinae | ||||
Hollardia hollardi Poey, 1861 | accepted | senior | original | |
! Hollardia hollardia Poey, 1861 | synonym | senior | original | |
Hollardia meadi Tyler, 1966 | accepted | senior | original | |
Hollardia goslinei Tyler, 1968 | accepted | senior | original | |
Parahollardia lineata (Longley, 1935) | accepted | senior | new | |
Triacanthodes lineatus Longley, 1935 | synonym | senior | original | |
Triacanthodes zebra Nichols & Firth, 1936 | synonym | junior | original | |
Triacanthus zebra (Nichols & Firth, 1936) | synonym | junior | new | |
Parahollardia schmidti Woods, 1959 | accepted | senior | original |