Family Channidae - Snakeheads | ||||
Order | : | Anabantiformes | ||
Class | : | Teleostei | ||
No. in FishBase | : | Genera : 2 | Species : 55 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes | ||
Environment | : | Fresh : Yes | Brackish : Yes | Marine : Yes | ||
Division | : | Primary freshwater | ||
Aquarium | : | some | ||
First Fossil Record | : | |||
Remark | : | Distribution: tropical Africa (three species) and southern Asia. Elongate body; lower jaw protruding. Dorsal and anal fin bases long. Pelvic fins may be lacking in some; with 6 rays when present. No spines in fins. Scales ctenoid or cycloid. Airbreathing through suprabranchial organ. About 1.2 m maximum length. Important in aquaculture and commonly used in rice-fish farming. Some species are widely introduced. Number of species: 26 (Ref. 36343). | ||
Etymology | : | Greek, channe, -es = anchovy ( Ref. 45335). | ||
Reproductive guild | : | bearers and guarders | ||
Typical activity level | : | |||
Main Ref. | : | Nelson, J.S. 1994 | ||
Coordinator | : | |||
Deep Fin Classification | : | Osteichthyes | Actinopterygii | Actinopteri | Neopterygii | Teleostei | Osteoglossocephalai | Clupeocephala | Euteleosteomorpha | Neoteleostei | Eurypterygia | Ctenosquamata | Acanthomorphata | Acanthopterygii | Percomorphaceae | Anabantaria | | | Anabantiformes | Channoidei | | Channidae |
Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination |
---|---|---|---|
Channa orientalis Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa gachua (non Hamilton, 1822) | misapplied | misapplied | new |
Ophiocephalus aurantiacus (non Hamilton, 1822) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied |
! Channa gahua (non Hamilton, 1822) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied |
Ophiocephalus marginatus (non Cuvier, 1829) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied |
Ophiocephalus coramota (non Cuvier, 1831) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied |
Ophiocephalus fusca (non Cuvier, 1831) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied |
Ophiocephalus limbatus (non Cuvier, 1831) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied |
Ophiocephalus montanus (non McClelland, 1842) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied |
Philypnoides surakartensis (non Bleeker, 1849) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied |
Ophiocephalus apus (non Canestrini, 1861) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied |
Ophiocephalus gachua kelaarti (non Günther, 1861) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied |
Ophiocephalus kelaarti (non Günther, 1861) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied |
Ophiocephalus kelaartii (non Günther, 1861) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied |
Ophiocephalus gachua malaccensis (non Peters, 1868) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied |
Ophiocephalus harcourtbutleri (non Annandale, 1918) | misapplied | misapplied | original |
Channa burmanica (non Chaudhuri, 1919) | misapplied | misapplied | original |
Channa asiatica (Linnaeus, 1758) | accepted | senior | new |
Gymnotus asiaticus Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | original |
Channa ocellata Peters, 1864 | synonym | junior | original |
Channa sinensis Sauvage, 1880 | synonym | junior | original |
Channa formosana Jordan & Evermann, 1902 | synonym | junior | original |
Channa punctata (Bloch, 1793) | accepted | senior | new |
Channa sp. Not applicable | ambiguous | questionable | other |
Ophicephalus punctatus Bloch, 1793 | synonym | senior | original |
! Channa punctatus (Bloch, 1793) | synonym | senior | new |
! Ophiocephalus punctatus Bloch, 1793 | synonym | senior | original |
Ophicephalus karruwey Lacepède, 1801 | synonym | junior | original |
! Ophiocephalus karrouveri Lacepède, 1801 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophiocephalus lata Hamilton, 1822 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophicephalus indicus McClelland, 1842 | synonym | junior | original |
! Ophiocephalus indicus McClelland, 1842 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophiocephalus affinis Günther, 1861 | synonym | junior | original |
Channa striata (Bloch, 1793) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophicephalus striatus Bloch, 1793 | synonym | senior | original |
Channa stiata (Bloch, 1793) | synonym | senior | new |
! Channa striatus (Bloch, 1793) | synonym | senior | new |
! Ophiocephalus striatus Bloch, 1793 | synonym | senior | original |
Ophiocephalus wrahl Lacepède, 1801 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophiocephalus chena Hamilton, 1822 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophicephalus planiceps Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | junior | original |
! Ophiocephalus planiceps Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophiocephalus vagus Peters, 1868 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophiocephalus philippinus Peters, 1868 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophiocephalus sowarah (non Cuvier, 1831) | misapplied | misapplied | original |
Channa maculata (Lacepède, 1801) | accepted | senior | new |
Bostrychus maculatus Lacepède, 1801 | synonym | senior | original |
Ophiocephalus maculatus (Lacepède, 1801) | synonym | senior | new |
Channa striata (non Bloch, 1793) | misapplied | misapplied | new |
Channa barca (Hamilton, 1822) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophiocephalus barca Hamilton, 1822 | synonym | senior | original |
Ophicephalus nigricans Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophiocephalus amphibius (non McClelland, 1845) | misapplied | misapplied | original |
Channa gachua (Hamilton, 1822) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophicephalus gachua Hamilton, 1822 | synonym | senior | original |
! Channa gachus (Hamilton, 1822) | synonym | senior | new |
! Ophiocephalus gachua Hamilton, 1822 | synonym | senior | original |
Ophiocephalus aurantiacus Hamilton, 1822 | synonym | junior | original |
! Ophiocephalus auranticus Hamilton, 1822 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophicephalus marginatus Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophicephalus limbatus Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | junior | original |
Channa limbata (Cuvier, 1831) | synonym | junior | new |
! Ophiocephalus apus Canestrini, 1861 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophicephalus apus Canestrini, 1861 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophiocephalus guachua malaccensis Peters, 1868 | synonym | junior | original |
Channa marulius (Hamilton, 1822) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophicephalus marulius Hamilton, 1822 | synonym | senior | original |
! Channa marulia (Hamilton, 1822) | synonym | senior | new |
! Ophiocephalus marulius Hamilton, 1822 | synonym | senior | original |
Ophicephalus grandinosus Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | junior | original |
! Ophiocephalus grandinosus Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophicephalus sowara Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | junior | original |
! Ophiocephalus sowarah Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophicephalus leucopunctatus Sykes, 1839 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophiocephalus theophrasti Valenciennes, 1840 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophiocephalus pseudomarulius (non Günther, 1861) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied |
Channa lucius (Cuvier, 1831) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophicephalus lucius Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | senior | original |
Channa lucia (Cuvier, 1831) | synonym | senior | new |
! Ophiocephalus lucius Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | senior | original |
Ophicephalus polylepis Bleeker, 1852 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophiocephalus siamensis Günther, 1861 | synonym | junior | original |
Channa siamensis (Günther, 1861) | synonym | junior | new |
Ophicephalus spiritalis Fowler, 1904 | synonym | junior | original |
! Ophiocephalus spiritalis Fowler, 1904 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophiocephalus bistriatus Weber & de Beaufort, 1922 | synonym | junior | original |
Channa micropeltes (Cuvier, 1831) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophicephalus micropeltes Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | senior | original |
! Ophiocephalus micropeltes Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | senior | original |
Ophicephalus serpentinus Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophicephalus bivittatus Bleeker, 1845 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophicephalus stevensii Bleeker, 1854 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophiocephalus studeri Volz, 1903 | synonym | junior | original |
Channa diplogramme (non Day, 1865) | misapplied | misapplied | new |
Channa argus (Cantor, 1842) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophicephalus argus Cantor, 1842 | synonym | senior | original |
Channa argus argus (Cantor, 1842) | synonym | senior | new |
Ophicephalus argus (Cantor, 1842) | synonym | senior | new |
! Channa arga (Cantor, 1842) | synonym | senior | new |
! Ophiocephalus argus (Cantor, 1842) | synonym | senior | new |
Ophicephalus pekinensis Basilewsky, 1855 | synonym | junior | original |
! Ophiocephalus pekinensis Basilewsky, 1855 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophiocephalus warpachowskii Berg, 1909 | synonym | junior | original |
Channa argus warpachowskii (Berg, 1909) | synonym | junior | new |
Ophicephalus argus warpachowskii Berg, 1909 | synonym | junior | change in rank |
Ophiocephalus argus warpachowskii Berg, 1909 | synonym | junior | change in rank |
Channa amphibeus (McClelland, 1845) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophiocephalus amphibeus McClelland, 1845 | synonym | senior | original |
! Channa amphibia (McClelland, 1845) | synonym | senior | new |
! Channa amphibius (McClelland, 1845) | synonym | senior | new |
! Ophiocephalus amphibius McClelland, 1845 | synonym | senior | original |
Channa barca (non Hamilton, 1822) | misapplied | misapplied | new |
Ophiocephalus barca (non Hamilton, 1822) | misapplied | misapplied | original |
Channa marulioides (Bleeker, 1851) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophicephalus marulioides Bleeker, 1851 | synonym | senior | original |
! Ophiocephalus marulioides Bleeker, 1851 | synonym | senior | original |
Channa melasoma (Bleeker, 1851) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophicephalus melasoma Bleeker, 1851 | synonym | senior | original |
! Ophiocephalus melanosoma Bleeker, 1851 | synonym | senior | other |
! Ophiocephalus melasoma Bleeker, 1851 | synonym | senior | original |
Ophicephalus rhodotaenia Bleeker, 1851 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophicephalus mystax Bleeker, 1853 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophiocephalus baramensis (non Steindachner, 1901) | misapplied | misapplied | original |
Channa pleurophthalma (Bleeker, 1851) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophiocephalus pleurophthalmus Bleeker, 1851 | synonym | senior | original |
! Channa pleurophthalmus (Bleeker, 1851) | synonym | senior | new |
Ophicephalus urophthalmus Bleeker, 1852 | synonym | junior | original |
Ophicephalus spiritalis Fowler, 1904 | ambiguous | questionable | original |
Channa bankanensis (Bleeker, 1853) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophiocephalus bankanensis Bleeker, 1853 | synonym | senior | original |
Channa cyanospilos (Bleeker, 1853) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophicephalus cyanospilos Bleeker, 1853 | synonym | senior | original |
Channa melanoptera (Bleeker, 1855) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophicephalus melanopterus Bleeker, 1855 | synonym | senior | original |
! Channa melanopterus (Bleeker, 1855) | synonym | senior | new |
! Channa melnopterus (Bleeker, 1855) | synonym | senior | new |
Channa kelaartii (Günther, 1861) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophiocephalus kelaartii Günther, 1861 | synonym | senior | original |
Channa pseudomarulius (Günther, 1861) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophiocephalus pseudomarulius Günther, 1861 | synonym | senior | original |
Channa diplogramma (Day, 1865) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophiocephalus diplogramma Day, 1865 | synonym | senior | original |
! Channa diplogramme (Day, 1865) | synonym | senior | new |
Channa stewartii (Playfair, 1867) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophiocephalus stewartii Playfair, 1867 | synonym | senior | original |
! Channa stewartius (Playfair, 1867) | synonym | senior | new |
Channa aurolineata (Day, 1870) | provisionally accepted | junior | new |
Ophiocephalus aurolineatus Day, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
Channa baramensis (Steindachner, 1901) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophiocephalus baramensis Steindachner, 1901 | synonym | senior | original |
Channa harcourtbutleri (Annandale, 1918) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophiocephalus harcourtbutleri Annandale, 1918 | synonym | senior | original |
Channa royi Praveenraj & Knight, 2018 | synonym | junior | original |
Channa orientalis (non Bloch & Schneider, 1801) | misapplied | misapplied | original |
Channa burmanica Chaudhuri, 1919 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa ara (Deraniyagala, 1945) | accepted | senior | change in rank |
! Ophiocephalus marulius ara Deraniyagala, 1945 | synonym | senior | original |
Channa marulius ara (Deraniyagala, 1945) | synonym | senior | new |
Ophicephalus marulius ara Deraniyagala, 1945 | synonym | senior | original |
Channa marulius (non Hamilton, 1822) | misapplied | misapplied | new |
Channa bleheri Vierke, 1991 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa panaw Musikasinthorn, 1998 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa aurantimaculata Musikasinthorn, 2000 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa nox Zhang, Musikasinthorn & Watanabe, 2002 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa pulchra Britz, 2007 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa ornatipinnis Britz, 2008 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa hoaluensis Nguyen, 2011 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa melanostigma Geetakumari & Vishwanath, 2011 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa ninhbinhensis Nguyen, 2011 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa longistomata Nguyen, Nguyen & Nguyen, 2012 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa andrao Britz, 2013 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa aurantipectoralis Lalhlimpuia, Lalronunga & Lalramliana, 2016 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa pardalis Knight, 2016 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa pomanensis Gurumayum & Tamang, 2016 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa shingon Endruweit, 2017 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa bipuli Praveenraj, Uma, Moulitharan & Bleher, 2018 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa quinquefasciata Praveenraj, Uma, Knight, Moulitharan, Balasubramanian, Bineesh & Bleher, 2018 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa torsaensis Dey, Nur, Chowdhury, Sarkar, Kosygin & Barat, 2019 | synonym | junior | original |
Channa stiktos Lalramliana, Knight, Lalhlimpuia & Singh, 2018 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa brunnea Praveenraj, Uma, Moulitharan & Kannan, 2019 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa amari Dey, Chowdhury, Nur, Sarkar, Kosygin & Barat, 2019 | synonym | junior | original |
Channa rara Britz, Dahanukar, Anoop & Ali, 2019 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa aristonei Praveenraj, Thackeray, Singh, Uma, Moulitharan & Mukhim, 2020 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa coccinea Britz, Tan & Rüber, 2024 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa pyrophthalmus Britz, Tan & Rüber, 2024 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa rakhinica Britz, Tan & Rüber, 2024 | accepted | senior | original |
Channa rubora Britz, Tan & Rüber, 2024 | accepted | senior | original |
Parachanna obscura (Günther, 1861) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophiocephalus obscurus Günther, 1861 | synonym | senior | original |
Channa obscura (Günther, 1861) | synonym | senior | new |
Channa obscurus (Günther, 1861) | synonym | senior | new |
Ophicephalus obscurus (Günther, 1861) | synonym | senior | new |
Paraphiocephalus obscurus (Günther, 1861) | synonym | senior | new |
Parophiocephalus obscurus (Günther, 1861) | synonym | senior | new |
Parachanna africana (Steindachner, 1879) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophiocephalus africanus Steindachner, 1879 | synonym | senior | original |
Channa africana (Steindachner, 1879) | synonym | senior | new |
Parophiocephalus africanus (Steindachner, 1879) | synonym | senior | new |
Ophiocephalus obscurus (non Günther, 1861) | misapplied | misapplied | original |
Parachanna insignis (Sauvage, 1884) | accepted | senior | new |
Ophiocephalus insignis Sauvage, 1884 | synonym | senior | original |
Channa insignis (Sauvage, 1884) | synonym | senior | new |
Parophiocephalus insignis (Sauvage, 1884) | synonym | senior | new |