Family Ogcocephalidae - Batfishes | ||||
Order | : | Lophiiformes | ||
Class | : | Teleostei | ||
No. in FishBase | : | Genera : 10 | Species : 88 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes | ||
Environment | : | Fresh : No | Brackish : No | Marine : Yes | ||
Division | : | Marine | ||
Aquarium | : | none | ||
First Fossil Record | : | |||
Remark | : | Distribution: worldwide in tropical and subtropical seas except absent from the Mediterranean Sea (Ref. 50473). Body usually considerably depressed and flattened ventrally (box-shaped in Coelophrys). Relatively short illicium (composed primarily of the modified pterygiophore of the first fin spine, remnant of second present. The illicial cavity, with its anterior opening, encloses the esca upon retraction of the illicium. Mouth nearly horizontal. Gill opening located in or above base of pectoral fin. Gills 2 or 2.5; first gill arch reduced and without filaments (Ref. 7463). Soft dorsal fin small, usually present, 1-6 rays lying posterior to the head. Anal fin short, with 3 or 4 rays. Pectoral rays 10-19; pelvic I, 5; caudal 9. Teeth minute, conical, in bands on jaws. Vertebrae 16-21. Scales always present, as highly variable, pyramid-shaped tubercles. Tubercles tiny, with long terminal spines, making fish look as if covered with coarse hair; to large and strongly calcified with bases close together, making fish appear to be encased in a thick carapace. Tubercles elaborately sculptured with bosses or crests; or simple pyramids without strong relief but very enlarged and with thick, strong terminal spines. Exceptions are structures associated with lateral line organs; these usually scale-like or boat-shaped, perforated for the emergent neuromast. Variation in squamation useful in diagnosing species (Ref. 50473). Maximum length 40 cm, usually 20 cm (Ref. 7463). Species of the genus Coelophrys, with globose bodies and tiny pelvic fins, evidently are benthopelagic. All other batfishes are strongly depressed for benthic life. In many species, pelvic and anal fins are relatively thick-skinned and stout for supporting the body off the substrate (Ref. 50473). Capable of walking on the bottom using their large armlike pectoral and smaller pelvic fins. Swims awkwardly. Bottom dwellers feed on small invertebrates and fishes (Ref. 7463). Bathymetric distribution relatively wide, with Old World genera known primarily from outer continental shelves and continental slopes to 2,000-3,000 m; one species known from 4,000 m. New World species occurring inshore to subtidal depths and at least two reports of specimens taken upstream in rivers. All larvae and postlarvae so far known are pelagic (Ref. 50473). Assumed to be nonguarders. | ||
Etymology | : | Greek, ogkoo, to swell, to enlarge + Greek, kephale = head ( Ref. 45335). | ||
Reproductive guild | : | nonguarders | ||
Typical activity level | : | |||
Main Ref. | : | Nelson, J.S. 1994 | ||
Coordinator | : | Nelson, J.S. 1994 | ||
Deep Fin Classification | : | Osteichthyes | Actinopterygii | Actinopteri | Neopterygii | Teleostei | Osteoglossocephalai | Clupeocephala | Euteleosteomorpha | Neoteleostei | Eurypterygia | Ctenosquamata | Acanthomorphata | Acanthopterygii | Percomorphaceae | Eupercaria | | | Lophiiformes | Ogcocephaloidei | | Ogcocephalidae |
Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination |
---|---|---|---|
Ogcocephalus vespertilio (Linnaeus, 1758) | accepted | senior | new |
Lophius vespertilio Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | original |
! Ogcocephalus vespertilo (Linnaeus, 1758) | synonym | senior | new |
Malthaea longirostris Valenciennes, 1837 | synonym | junior | original |
Ogcocephalus radiatus (Mitchill, 1818) | accepted | senior | new |
Lophius radiatus Mitchill, 1818 | synonym | senior | original |
Ogcocephalus nasutus (Cuvier, 1829) | accepted | senior | new |
Malthe nasuta Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | senior | original |
! Ogcoephalus nasutus (Cuvier, 1829) | synonym | senior | new |
Ogcocephalus cubifrons (Richardson, 1836) | accepted | senior | new |
Lophius cubifrons Richardson, 1836 | synonym | senior | original |
Malthaea cubifrons (Richardson, 1836) | synonym | senior | new |
Ogcocephalus notatus (Valenciennes, 1837) | accepted | senior | new |
Malthaea notata Valenciennes, 1837 | synonym | senior | original |
Malthe angusta Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original |
Malthe notata Cuvier, 1829 | ambiguous | other | original |
Malthaea truncata Valenciennes, 1837 | synonym | junior | original |
Ogcocephalus nasutus cayennensis Puyo, 1936 | synonym | junior | original |
Ogcocephalus porrectus Garman, 1899 | accepted | senior | original |
! Oncocephalus porrectus Garman, 1899 | synonym | senior | original |
Ogcocephalus parvus Longley & Hildebrand, 1940 | accepted | senior | original |
Ogcocephalus darwini Hubbs, 1958 | accepted | senior | original |
Ogcocephalus corniger Bradbury, 1980 | accepted | senior | original |
Ogcocephalus declivirostris Bradbury, 1980 | accepted | senior | original |
Ogcocephalus pantostictus Bradbury, 1980 | accepted | senior | original |
Ogcocephalus pumilus Bradbury, 1980 | accepted | senior | original |
Ogcocephalus rostellum Bradbury, 1980 | accepted | senior | original |
Halieutaea stellata (Vahl, 1797) | accepted | senior | new |
Lophius stellatus Vahl, 1797 | synonym | senior | original |
! Halieutaea stallata (Vahl, 1797) | synonym | senior | new |
! Halieutea stellatus (Vahl, 1797) | synonym | senior | new |
Halieutaea maoria Powell, 1937 | synonym | junior | original |
Halieutaea coccinea Alcock, 1889 | accepted | senior | original |
Halieutaea nigra Alcock, 1891 | accepted | senior | original |
Halieutaea fumosa Alcock, 1894 | accepted | senior | original |
! Haliutea fumosa Alcock, 1894 | synonym | senior | original |
Halieutaea stellata vittata Weber, 1913 | synonym | junior | original |
Halieutaea retifera Gilbert, 1905 | accepted | senior | original |
Halieutaea hancocki Regan, 1908 | accepted | senior | original |
! Halieutea hancocki Regan, 1908 | synonym | senior | original |
! Halieuteus hirsuta Smith, 1965 | synonym | junior | original |
Halieutaea hirsuta Smith, 1965 | synonym | junior | original |
Halieutaea brevicauda Ogilby, 1910 | accepted | senior | original |
! Halieutea brevicauda Ogilby, 1910 | synonym | senior | original |
Halieutaea indica Annandale & Jenkins, 1910 | accepted | senior | original |
Lophius faujas Lacepède, 1798 | ambiguous | other | original |
Lophius muricatus Shaw, 1804 | ambiguous | other | original |
Astrocanthus stellatus Swainson, 1839 | ambiguous | homonym | original |
Halieutaea sinica Tchang & Chang, 1964 | synonym | junior | original |
Halieutea spicata Smith, 1965 | synonym | junior | original |
Halieutaea spicata Smith, 1965 | synonym | junior | original |
Halieutaea fitzsimonsi (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1916) | accepted | senior | new |
Halieutichthys fitzsimonsi Gilchrist & Thompson, 1916 | synonym | senior | original |
! Halieutea liogaster Regan, 1921 | synonym | junior | original |
Halieutaea liogaster Regan, 1921 | synonym | junior | original |
Halieutichthys aculeatus (Mitchill, 1818) | accepted | senior | new |
Lophius aculeatus Mitchill, 1818 | synonym | senior | original |
! Halieuticthis aculeatus (Mitchill, 1818) | synonym | senior | new |
Halieutichthys reticulatus Poey, 1863 | synonym | junior | original |
Halieutella lappa Goode & Bean, 1884 | synonym | junior | original |
Halieutichthys caribbaeus Garman, 1896 | accepted | senior | original |
Halieutichthys smithii Evermann & Marsh, 1900 | ambiguous | questionable | original |
Halieutichthys bispinosus Ho, Chakrabarty & Sparks, 2010 | accepted | senior | original |
Halieutichthys aculeatus (non Mitchill, 1818) | misapplied | misapplied | new |
Halieutichthys intermedius Ho, Chakrabarty & Sparks, 2010 | accepted | senior | original |
Dibranchus atlanticus Peters, 1876 | accepted | senior | original |
Halieutaea senticosa Goode, 1881 | synonym | junior | original |
Dibranchus spongiosa (Gilbert, 1890) | accepted | senior | new |
Halieutaea spongiosa Gilbert, 1890 | synonym | senior | original |
Dibranchopsis spongiosa (Gilbert, 1890) | synonym | senior | new |
Dibranchus spongiosus (Gilbert, 1890) | synonym | senior | new |
Dibranchus nasutus Alcock, 1891 | accepted | senior | original |
Halieutopsis nasuta (Alcock, 1891) | synonym | senior | new |
Dibranchus erinaceus (Garman, 1899) | accepted | senior | new |
Malthopsis erinacea Garman, 1899 | synonym | senior | original |
Dibranchus hystrix Garman, 1899 | accepted | senior | original |
Dibranchus asper Garman, 1899 | synonym | junior | original |
Dibranchus scaber Garman, 1899 | synonym | junior | original |
Dibranchus nudivomer (Garman, 1899) | accepted | senior | new |
Dibranchichthys nudivomer Garman, 1899 | synonym | senior | original |
Dibranchus sparsus (Garman, 1899) | accepted | senior | new |
Malthopsis sparsa Garman, 1899 | synonym | senior | original |
Dibranchus spinosus (Garman, 1899) | accepted | senior | new |
Malthopsis spinosa Garman, 1899 | synonym | senior | original |
Dibranchus spinosa (Garman, 1899) | synonym | senior | new |
Malthopsis spinulosa Garman, 1899 | synonym | junior | original |
Dibranchus alberti Núñez Barron, 1967 | synonym | junior | original |
Dibranchus japonicus Amaoka & Toyoshima, 1981 | accepted | senior | original |
Dibranchus accinctus Bradbury, 1999 | accepted | senior | original |
Dibranchus cracens Bradbury, McCosker & Long, 1999 | accepted | senior | original |
Dibranchus discors Bradbury, McCosker & Long, 1999 | accepted | senior | original |
Dibranchus tremendus Bradbury, 1999 | accepted | senior | original |
Dibranchus atlanticus (non Peters, 1876) | misapplied | misapplied | original |
Dibranchus velutinus Bradbury, 1999 | accepted | senior | original |
Halicmetus ruber Alcock, 1891 | accepted | senior | original |
! Halicmetes ruber Alcock, 1891 | synonym | senior | original |
Halicmetus odysseus Prokofiev, 2020 | accepted | senior | original |
Halicmetus reticulatus Smith & Radcliffe, 1912 | accepted | senior | original |
Halicmetus niger Ho, Endo & Sakamaki, 2008 | accepted | senior | original |
! Halicmetus nigra Ho, Endo & Sakamaki, 2008 | synonym | senior | original |
Malthopsis lutea Alcock, 1891 | accepted | senior | original |
! Malthopsis luteus Alcock, 1891 | synonym | senior | original |
Malthopsis mitrigera Gilbert & Cramer, 1897 | accepted | senior | original |
! Malthopsis mitriger Gilbert & Cramer, 1897 | synonym | senior | original |
Malthopsis triangularis Lloyd, 1909 | synonym | junior | original |
Malthopsis jordani (non Gilbert, 1905) | misapplied | misapplied | original |
Malthopsis tiarella Jordan, 1902 | accepted | senior | original |
Malthopsis lutea (non Alcock, 1891) | misapplied | misapplied | original |
Malthopsis jordani Gilbert, 1905 | accepted | senior | original |
Malthopsis annulifera Tanaka, 1908 | accepted | senior | original |
Malthopsis ocellata Smith & Radcliffe, 1912 | synonym | junior | original |
Malthopsis kobayashii Tanaka, 1916 | accepted | senior | original |
! Malthopsis kobayashi Tanaka, 1916 | synonym | senior | original |
Malthopsis lutea (non Alcock, 1891) | misapplied | misapplied | original |
! Malthopsis luteus (non Alcock, 1891) | misapplied | misapplied | original |
Malthopsis provocator Whitley, 1961 | accepted | senior | change in rank |
Malthopsis luteus provocator Whitley, 1961 | synonym | senior | original |
Malthopsis gnoma Bradbury, 1998 | accepted | senior | original |
Malthopsis retifera Ho, Prokofiev & Shao, 2009 | accepted | senior | original |
Malthopsis gigas Ho & Shao, 2010 | accepted | senior | original |
Malthopsis jordani (non Gilbert, 1905) | misapplied | misapplied | original |
Malthopsis asperata Ho, Roberts & Shao, 2013 | accepted | senior | original |
Malthopsis austrafricana Ho, 2013 | accepted | senior | original |
Malthopsis lutea (non Alcock, 1891) | misapplied | misapplied | original |
Malthopsis tiarella (non Jordan, 1902) | misapplied | misapplied | original |
Malthopsis bradburyae Ho, 2013 | accepted | senior | original |
Malthopsis parva Ho, Roberts & Shao, 2013 | accepted | senior | original |
Malthopsis formosa Ho & Koeda, 2019 | accepted | senior | original |
Malthopsis arrietty Ho, 2020 | accepted | senior | original |
Malthopsis velutina Ho, 2020 | accepted | senior | original |
Malthopsis apis Ho & Last, 2021 | accepted | senior | original |
Malthopsis bulla Ho & Last, 2021 | accepted | senior | original |
Malthopsis mcgroutheri Ho & Last, 2021 | accepted | senior | original |
Malthopsis oculata Ho & Last, 2021 | accepted | senior | original |
Malthopsis tetrabulla Ho & Last, 2021 | accepted | senior | original |
Zalieutes elater (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882) | accepted | senior | new |
Malthe elater Jordan & Gilbert, 1882 | synonym | senior | original |
Zalieutes mcgintyi (Fowler, 1952) | accepted | senior | new |
Oncocephalus mcgintyi Fowler, 1952 | synonym | senior | original |
Halieutopsis tumifrons Garman, 1899 | accepted | senior | original |
Halieutopsis nudiventer (Lloyd, 1909) | accepted | senior | new |
Dibranchus nudiventer Lloyd, 1909 | synonym | senior | original |
Halieutopsis simula (Smith & Radcliffe, 1912) | accepted | senior | new |
Dibranchus simulus Smith & Radcliffe, 1912 | synonym | senior | original |
Dibranchus infranudus de Beaufort, 1962 | synonym | junior | original |
Halieutopsis stellifera (Smith & Radcliffe, 1912) | accepted | senior | new |
Dibranchus stellifer Smith & Radcliffe, 1912 | synonym | senior | original |
Halieutopsis vermicularis Smith & Radcliffe, 1912 | accepted | senior | original |
Halieutopsis andriashevi Bradbury, 1988 | accepted | senior | original |
Halieutopsis bathyoreos Bradbury, 1988 | accepted | senior | original |
Halieutopsis galatea Bradbury, 1988 | accepted | senior | original |
Halieutopsis ingerorum Bradbury, 1988 | accepted | senior | original |
Halieutopsis margaretae Ho & Shao, 2007 | accepted | senior | original |
Coelophrys brevicaudata Brauer, 1902 | accepted | senior | original |
Coelophrys micropus (Alcock, 1891) | accepted | senior | new |
Dibranchus micropus Alcock, 1891 | synonym | senior | original |
Halieutopsis micropa (Alcock, 1891) | synonym | senior | new |
Halieutopsis micropus (Alcock, 1891) | synonym | senior | new |
! Coelophrys micropa (Alcock, 1891) | synonym | senior | new |
Coelophrys arca Smith & Radcliffe, 1912 | accepted | senior | original |
Coelophrys brevipes Smith & Radcliffe, 1912 | accepted | senior | original |
! Coelophrys breviceps Smith & Radcliffe, 1912 | synonym | senior | original |
Coelophrys mollis Smith & Radcliffe, 1912 | accepted | senior | original |
Coelophrys oblonga Smith & Radcliffe, 1912 | accepted | senior | original |
Coelophrys bradburyae Endo & Shinohara, 1999 | accepted | senior | original |
Solocisquama stellulata (Gilbert, 1905) | accepted | senior | new |
Dibranchus stellulatus Gilbert, 1905 | synonym | senior | original |
Solocisquama erythrina (Gilbert, 1905) | accepted | senior | new |
Dibranchus erythrinus Gilbert, 1905 | synonym | senior | original |
Solocisquama carinata Bradbury, 1999 | accepted | senior | original |