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Teleostei (teleosts) > Gonorynchiformes (Milkfishes) > Kneriidae (Shellears)
Etymology: More on author: Günther.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Freshwater; demersal; pH range: 7.0 - ? ; dH range: 5 - 15. Tropical; 20°C - 22°C (Ref. 2059)

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Africa: Wami and Ruvu drainages in Tanzania (Ref. 26644).

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 5.4 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 89309)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9 - 11; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 8 - 9. Diagnosis: body depth 7 (Ref. 1878) - 11.4 (Ref. 26644) times in TL, 5.9-9.4 times in SL (Ref. 26644). Head as broad as deep, 2 times as long as broad (Ref. 1878), its length 5.4-6.4 times in TL and 4.4-5.1 times in SL (Ref. 26644). Snout length 32.9-40.7% HL (Ref. 26644). Eye lateral, just visible from below (Ref. 1878), 4-5.3 times in HL, 19-25% HL (Ref. 26644). Interorbital width 40-46.9% HL (Ref. 26644). Dorsal fin origin at equal distance from anterior border of eye, centre of eye (Ref. 1878) or snout tip (Ref. 3022) and from root of caudal. Predorsal length 54.8-59% SL (Ref. 26644). Anal fin origin a little nearer root of caudal than root of ventrals (Ref. 1878, 89309). Preanal length 76.1-79.3% SL (Ref. 26644). Pectoral a little shorter than head (Ref. 1878, 3022), longer than pelvic (Ref. 3022), 14.9-21.6% SL (Ref. 26644). Pelvic fin 11.6-17.7% SL (Ref. 26644). Caudal peduncle nearly twice as long as deep (Ref. 1878), its length 13-16.3% SL and 63.0-77.9% HL (Ref. 26644). Distinct coloration consisting of rounded dark olive spots on the back (Ref. 26644).

Maximum total length recorded is 61.9mm (Ref. 26644). Inhabits upland streams and pools; hardy, can survive some time out of water (Ref. 4967). Omnivorous, feeding on algae, small insect larvae and crustaceans, but preferring algae if present (Ref. 26644).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Seegers, L., 1995. Revision of the Kneriidae of Tanzania with description of three new Kneria species (Teleostei: Gonorhynchifromes). Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 6(2):97-128. (Ref. 26644)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 31 January 2006

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: subsistence fisheries

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Parakneria spekii (Günther, 1868)