References Used for Fishes of
Rajidae ( Skates ) |
RefNo |
Description |
Abdel-Aziz, S.H., 1992 The use of vertebral rings of the brown ray Raja miraletus (Linnaeus, 1758) off Egyptian Mediterranean coast for estimation of age and growth. Cybium 16(2):121-132. | |
Ajayi, T.O., 1982 Food and feeding habits of Raja species (Batoidei) in Carmarthen Bay, Bristol Channel. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 62:215-223. | |
al Sakaff, H. and M. Esseen, 1999 Occurrence and distribution of fish species off Yemen (Gulf of Aden and Arabian Sea). Naga, ICLARM Q. 22(1):43-47. | |
Alegre, M., J. Lleonart and J. Veny, 1992 Espècies pesqueres d'interès comercial. Nomenclatura oficial catalana. Departament de Cultura, Generalitat Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain. | |
Alkusairy, H. and A. Saad, 2018 First record of Leucoraja circularis (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae) in the Syrian marine waters (Eastern Mediterranean). Marine Biodiversity Records 11(5):1-5. | |
Allen, M.J. and G.B. Smith, 1988 Atlas and zoogeography of common fishes in the Bering Sea and northeastern Pacific. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 66, 151 p. | |
Alpoim, R., A. Ávila de Melo, R. Bañón, M. Casas, ,S. Cerviño, S. Junquera, I. Martín, H. Murua, X. Paz, G. Pérez-Gándaras, J.L. del Río, E. Rodríguez-Marín, F. Saborido-Rey, E.J. dos Santos, A. Vázquez, 2002 Distribution and main characteristic of fish species on Flemish Cap based on the 1988-2002 EU-surveys in July. NAFO SCR Doc. 02/72. | |
Amori, G., F.M. Angelici, S. Frugis, G. Gandolfi, R. Groppali, B. Lanza, G. Relini and G. Vicini, 1993 Vertebrata. In A. Minelli, S. Ruffo and S. La Posta (eds.) Checklist delle specie della fauna Italiana, 110. Calderini, Bologna, 83 p. | |
Andriyashev, A.P., 1964 Fishes of the northern seas of the U.S.S.R. Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem. 617 p. (Translated from Russian). | |
Andriyashev, A.P. and N.V. Chernova, 1995 Annotated list of fishlike vertebrates and fish of the Arctic seas and adjacent waters. J. Ichthyol. 35(1):81-123. | |
Annala, J.H. and K.J. Sullivan (comps.), 1997 Report from the Fishery Assessment Plenary, May 1997: stock assessments and yield estimates. (Unpublished report held in NIWA library, Wellington). 381 p. | |
Anonymous, 1999 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). | |
Anonymous, 2000 Fish collection database of the Intitut fur Seefischerei (ISH). BIOLAB Forschungsinstitut, Hohenwestedt, Germany. | |
Anonymous, 2001 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. | |
Anonymous, 2001 Fish collection database of the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. | |
Anonymous, 1996 Fish collection database of the University of British Columbia Fish Museum Fish Museum. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. | |
Anonymous, 1997 Fish registrations within the museum database of the Vertebrate Section of the Royal Museum for Central Africa. MRAC, Tervuren, Belgium. | |
Anonymous, 2000 The icthyological collection of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology, Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). | |
Anonymous, 2000 Fish collection database of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. | |
Anonymous, 2002 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. | |
Anonymous, 2003 Fish collection of the Royal Ontario Museum. Royal Ontario Museum. | |
Anonymous, 1994 Welsh names of animals and plants: I Vertebrates: fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. p.17-26. In W.B.L. Evans (ed.) Cyfres enwan (creaduriaid a phlauhigion: I creaduriaid asgwrn-cefn pysgod, amffibiaid, ymlusgiaid, adar a mamaliaid. Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd. | |
Anonymous, 1994 U. S. GLOBEC - Global ocean ecosystems dynamics, a component of the U. S. Global Change Research Program. Eastern Boundary Current Program-A Science Plan for the California Current, Rep. No. 11, August. | |
Anonymous, 2000 Fish collection database of the Gulf Coast Research Laboratory (GCRL). The Gulf Coast Research Laboratory (GCRL), Ocean Springs, Mississippi, USA. | |
Anonymous, 2002 Fish collection of the Royal British Columbia Museum. Royal British Columbia Museum, 675 Belleville Street, Victoria BC, Canada V8V 1X4. | |
Anonymous, 2000 Fish collection database of the Centro Interdisiplinario de Ciencias Marinas. Centro Interdisiplinario de Ciencias Marinas (CICIMAR), La Paz, Mexico. | |
Anonymous, 1998 Fish collection database of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum (BPBM). Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawai`I, 96817-0916 USA. | |
Anonymous, 1993 Computerized catalog of the fish collection. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California. | |
Anonymous, 2000 Systematisk liste over norske fisk registert pr. 1997. http://alun.uio.no/zoomus/generell/avdelinger/fisk/fiskeliste.html | |
Anonymous, 2001 Fish collection database of CSIC. CSIC, Spain. | |
Anonymous, 1997 Species kept in the Kiel Aquarium in August 1997. Unpublished. 4 p. | |
Anonymous, 2001 Levitus map. http://dpo.ori.ou-tokyo.ac.jp/ocean/toolmap/Levitus-map.html | |
Anonymous, 1972 50 important food fish and the fishing industry in Hong Kong. The Government Printer, Hong Kong. (with Chinese translation). | |
Anonymous, 1994 Atlas pesquero de México. Instituto Nacional de la Pesca. 234 p. | |
Appleby, C., 1999 List of Norwegian common names of fishes. Unpublished. | |
Arkhipchuk, V.V., 1999 Chromosome database. Database of Dr. Victor Arkhipchuk. | |
Armitage, R.O., D.A. Payne, G.J. Lockley, H.M. Currie, R.L. Colban, B.G. Lamb and L.J. Paul (eds.), 1994 Guide book to New Zealand commercial fish species. Revised edition. New Zealand Fishing Industry Board, Wellington, New Zealand, 216 p. | |
Aura, C.M., C.N. Munga, E. Kimani, J.O. Manyala and S. Musa, 2011 Length- weight relationships for nine deep sea fish species off the Kenyan coast. Pan-American Journal of Aquatic Sciences 6(2):188-192. | |
Bache-Jeffreys, M., B.L.C. de Moraes, R.E. Ball, G. Menezes, J. Pálsson, C. Pampoulie, J.R. Stevens and A.M. Griffiths, 2021 Resolving the spatial distributions of Dipturus intermedius and Dipturus batis– the two taxa formerly known as the ‘common skate’. Environ. Biol. Fishes 104:923-936. | |
Baeck, G.W., C.-I. Park, H.C. Choi, S.-H. Huh and J.M. Park, 2011 Feeding habits of ocellate spot skate, Okamejei kenojei (Müller & Henle, 1841), in coastal waters of Taean, Korea. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 27:1079-1085. | |
Baillie, J.E.M., C. Hilton-Taylor and S.N. Stuart, 2004 2004 IUCN red list of threatened species. A global species assessment. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. | |
Baissac, J. de B., 1990 SWIOP/WP/54 - Checklist of the marine fishes of Mauritius. RAF/87/008/WP/54/90 Regional Project for the Development & Management of Fisheries in the Southwest Indian Ocean. | |
Banarescu, P., 1964 Pisces - Osteichthyes (pesti ganoizi si osisi). Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, Bucuresti. 962 p. | |
Bañón, R., D. Villegas-Ríos, A. Serrano, G. Mucientes and J.C. Arronte, 2010 Marine fishes from Galicia (NW Spain): an updated checklist. Zootaxa 2667:1-27. | |
Barría, C., J. Navarro, M. Coll, U. Fernancez-Arcaya and R. Sáez-Liante, 2015 Morphological parameters of abundant and threatened chondrichthyans of the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 31(1):114-119. | |
Barria, C., M. Coll and J. Navarro, 2015 Unravelling the ecological role and trophic relationships of uncommon and threatened elasmobranchs in the western Mediterranean Sea (Supplement). Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 539:225-240. | |
Barrientos-Medina, R.C., S. Avilés-Torres and J.A. Navarro-Alberto, 2013 Length-weight relations of eight fish species from a small Caribbean coastal lagoon, Mexico. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 43(1):71-74. | |
Başusta, A., N. Başusta, J.A. Sulikowski, W.B.III Driggers, S.A. Demirhan and E. Çiçek, 2012 Length-weight relationships for nine species of batoids from the Iskenderun Bay, Turkey. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 28:850-851. | |
Bat, L., Y. Erdem, S. Ustaoğlu, Ö Yardım and H. Hüseyin Satılmış, 2005 A study on the fishes of the Central Black Sea coast of Turkey. J. Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment 11:291-296. | |
Bauchot, M.-L., 1987 Raies et autres batoides. p. 845-886. In W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identificationpour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Mèditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Rome. | |
Béarez, P., 1996 Lista de los peces marinos del Ecuador continental. Rev. Biol. Trop. 44(2):731-741. | |
Béarez, P., P. Pruvost, É. Feunteun, S. Iglésias, P. Francour, R. Causse, J. De Mazières, S. Tercerie and N. Bailly, 2017 Checklist of the marine fishes from metropolitan France. Cybium 41(4):351-371. | |
Beck, U., 1976 Die Zusammensetzung der Erträge aus der Küstenfischerei Togos. Meeresforsch. Rep. Mar. Res. 25:37-45. | |
Bedford, B.C., L.E. Woolner and B.W. Jones, 1986 Length-weight relationships for commercial fish species and conversion factors for various presentations. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. Directorate of Fisheries Research. Fisheries Research Data Report No. 10. | |
Beentjes, P., B. Bull, R.J. Hurst and N.W. Bagley, 2002 Demersal fish assemblages along the continental shelf and upper slope of the east coast of the South Island, New Zealand. N.Z. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 36:197-223. | |
Bellodi, A., A. Alvito, M. Fois, G. Soldovilla, S. Vittori and A. Mulas, 2014 A multiple models investigation on age and growth of the speckled ray (Raja polystigma) from Sardinian seas. Proceeding of the Elasmobranch Association Annual Scientific Conference: 18 years on, Prepared for the Future, 7-9 Nov. 2014, Leeuwarden, Netherlands. Poster Presentation. | |
Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins, 2023 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. | |
Berestovskiy, E.G., 1990 Feeding in the skates, Raja radiata and Raja fyllae, in the Barents and Norwegian Seas. J. Ichthyol. 29(8):88-96. | |
Bergmann, M., N. Langwald, J. Ontrup, T. Soltwedel, I. Schewe, M. Klages and T.W. Nattkemper, 2011 Megafaunal assemblages from two shelf stations west of Svalbard. Marine Biology Research 7:523-539. | |
Bergstad, O.A., O. Bjelland and J.D.M. Gordon, 1999 Fish communities on the slope of the eastern Norwegian Sea. Sarsia 84:67-78. | |
Bernardes, R.Á., J.L. de Figueiredo, A.R. Rodrigues, L.G. Fischer, C.M. Vooren, M. Haimovici and C.L.D.B. Rossi-Wongtschowski, 2005 Peixes de zona econômica exclusiva da região sudeste-sul do Brasil: Levantamento com armadilhas, pargueiras e rede de arrasto de fundo. São Paulo: Editora da Universidade de São Paulo. 295 p. | |
Bertrand, J., 2050 Les populations ichthyologiques démersales du plateau/SRM MO. Méditerranée 5(9): | |
Beukhof, E., T.S. Dencker, L. Pecuchet and M. Lindegren, 2019 Spatio-temporal variation in marine fish traits reveals community-wide responses to environmental change. Marine Ecology Progress Series 610:205-222. | |
Bianchi, G., 1986 Fichas FAO de identifacao de espécies para propósitos comerciais. Guia de campo para as espécies comerciais marinhas e de águas salobras de Angola. Preparado com o apoio da NORAD e da FAO (FIRM) Programa Regular, FAO, Rome. 184 p. | |
Bianchi, G., 1992 Demersal assemblages of the continental shelf and upper slope of Angola. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 81:101-120. | |
Bianchi, G., K.E. Carpenter, J.-P. Roux, F.J. Molloy, D. Boyer and H.J. Boyer, 1999 FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. Field guide to the living marine resources of Namibia. FAO, Rome. 265p. | |
Bianchi, G., K.E. Carpenter, J.-P. Roux, F.J. Molloy, D. Boyer and H.J. Boyer, 1999 FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. Field guide to the living marine resources of Namibia. FAO, Rome. 265 p. | |
Bigelow, H.B. and W.C. Schroeder, 1953 Sawfishes, guitarfishes, skates and rays. p. 1-514. In J. Tee-Van et al. (eds.) Fishes of the western North Atlantic. Part two. New Haven, Sears Found. Mar. Res., Yale Univ. | |
Bigelow, H.B. and W.C. Schroeder, 1953 Fishes of the Gulf of Maine. Fish. Bull. 53:1-577. | |
Bigman, J., D.A. Ebert, H.J. Robinson and G.M. Cailliet, 2016 Raja stellulata.The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T161629A80677268. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T161629A80677268.en. Downloaded on 20 October 2016. | |
Bilecenoğlu, M., Taskavak E., S. Mater and M. Kaya, 2002 Checklist of the marine fishes of Turkey. Zootaxa 113(1):1-194. | |
Bílge, G., S. Yapici, H. Fíliíz and H. Cerím, 2014 Weight-length relationshions for 103 fish species from the southern Aegean sea, Turkey. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 44(3):263-269. | |
Bjelland, O., O.A. Bergstad, J.E. Skjæraasen and K. Meland, 2000 Trophic ecology of deep-water fishes associated with the continental slope of the eastern Norwegian Sea. Sarsia 85:101-117. | |
Bleeker, P., 1860 Zesde bijdrage tot de kennis der vischfauna van Japan. Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae 8(1):1-104. | |
Boeseman, M., 1967 Some remarks on Raja nidarosiensis Storm, including the first record of an egg-capsule from British waters. Proc. Konin. Ned. Akad. Wetenschap. Ser. 170:454-465. | |
Bogutskaya, N.G., 2007 Preliminary assignment of coordinates to type localities in the Catalog of Fishes. Unpublished dbf file. | |
Bok, T.D., SD. Gokturk, A.E. Kahraman, T.Z. Alicli, T. Acun and C. Ates, 2011 Length-weight relationships of 34 fish species from the Sea of Marmara, Turkey. J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 10(23):3037-3042. | |
Bor, P., 2002 Egg-capsules of sharks and skates. www.rajidae.tmfweb.nl/rogtabel.html | |
Bor, P.H.F., 2002 Nederlandse naamlijst van de recente haaien en roggen (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii) van de wereld. World Wide Web electronic publication www.rajidae.tmfweb.nl, version (05/2002). | |
Bor, P.H.F., 1998 Eikapsels van haaien en roggen. Wetenschap. Med. (223):1-48. | |
Borges, T.C., S. Olim and K. Erzini, 2003 Weight-length relationship for fish species discarded in commercial fisheries of the Algarve (southern Portugal). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 19(6):394-396. | |
Bowman, R.E., C.E. Stillwell, W.L. Michaels and M.D. Grosslein, 2000 Food of northwest Atlantic fishes and two common species of squid. NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-NE 155, 138 p. | |
Bradai, M.N., B. Saidi and S. Enajjar, 2012 Elasmobranchs of the Mediterranean and Black sea: status, ecology and biology. Bibliographic analysis. Studies and Reviews. General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean. No. 91. Rome, FAO. 103 pp. | |
Bradley, J.C., 2023 Understanding patterns of residency and space use of Arctic skates (Amblyraja hyperborea) in Scott inlet, Canada to inform indigenous fisheries. University of Delaware: Master of Science in Marine Studies, 82 p. | |
Brander, K. and D. Palmer, 1985 Growth rate of Raja clavata in the north east Irish Sea. J. Cons. CIEM 42:125-128. | |
Bratton, B.O. and L.J. Ayres, 1987 Observations on the electric organ discharge of two skate species (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae) and its relationship to behavior. Environ. Biol. Fishes 20(4):241-254. | |
Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen, 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. | |
Breder, C.M. and J.T. Nichols, 1937 The eggs of Raja eglanteria Bosc, with a key to the shells of New York species. Copeia 1937(3):181-184. | |
Breder, C.M. and J.W. Atz, 1938 Further notes on the eggs of Raja eglanteria Bosc. Copeia 1938(3):145-146. | |
Brito, A., 1991 Catalogo de los pesces de las Islas Canarias. Francisco Lemus, la Laguna. 230 p. | |
Bruce, J.R., J.S. Colman and N.S. Jones, 1963 Marine fauna of the Isle of Man. Memoir No. 36. Liverpool University Press, Liverpool. | |
Bundesanstalt für Landwirtschaft und Ernährung, 2003 Verzeichnis der Handelsbezeichnungen für Erzeugnisse der Fischerei und der Aquakultur. Retrieved 17 June 2003, from http://www.ble.de. | |
Bustamante, C., C. Vargas-Caro, M.C. Oddone, F. Concha, H. Flores, J. Lamilla and M.B. Bennett, 2012 Reproductive biology of Zearaja chilensis (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae) in the south-east Pacific Ocean. J. Fish Biol. 80(5):1213-1226. | |
Bykov, V.P., 1983 Marine Fishes: Chemical composition and processing properties. New Delhi: Amerind Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. 322 p. | |
Byrkjedal, I. and Å. Høines, 2007 Distribution of demersal fish in the south-western Barents Sea. Polar Research 26:2007 135-151. | |
Cabbar, K. and C.Ç. Yigin, 2021 Length-weight relationships of elasmobranch species from Gökçeada Island in the Northern Aegean Sea. Thalassas: An International Journal of Marine Sciences 37(2):497-504. | |
Capapé, C. and J.-P. Quignard, 1975 Essai d'évaluation de la fécondité chez les Sélaciens ovipares: cas de Raja miraletus Linné, 1758 et R. radula Delaroche, 1809 des côtes tunisiennes. Extr. Arch de l'Ist. Pateur, Tunnis 52:263-276. | |
Capapé, C. and M. Desoutter, 1981 Nouvelle description de Raja (Raja) clavata Linnaeus, 1758 et note sur la validité de Raja (Raja) capensis Müller et Henle, 1841. Cybium 5(4):23-39. | |
Carl, H., 2003 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. | |
Carpenter, K., 1994 List of FAO names in the yearbook found inconsistent with FIRM's Species Identification and Data Programme publications and other primary sources. pers. comm. FIDI-FIRM List, FAO, Rome. | |
Carpenter, K.E., F. Krupp, D.A. Jones and U. Zajonz, 1997 FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. Living marine resources of Kuwait, eastern Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates. FAO, Rome. 293 p. | |
Carpenter, K.E., F. Krupp, D.A. Jones and U. Zajonz, 1997 Living marine resources of Kuwait, eastern Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates. FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. 293p + 17 col. plates. Rome, FAO. | |
Castro-Aguirre, J.L. and H. Espinosa Perez, 1996 Listados faunísticos de México. VII. Catálogo sistemático de las rayas y especies afines de México. (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii: Rajiformes: Batoideiomorpha). Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico. 75 p. | |
Caverivière, A. and G.A.R. Andriamirado, 1997 Minimal fish predation for the pink shrimp Penaeus notalis in Senegal (West Africa). Bull. Mar. Sci. 61(3):685-695. | |
Cedrola, P.V., A.M. Gonzalez and A.D. Pettovello, 2005 Bycatch of skates (Elasmobranchii: Arhynchobatidae, Rajidae) in the Patagonian red shrimp fishery. Fish. Res. 71:141-150. | |
Cervigón, F. and W. Fischer, 1979 INFOPESCA. Catálogo de especies marinas de interes economico actual o potencial para América Latina. Parte 1. Atlántico centro y suroccidental. FAO/UNDP, SIC/79/1. 372 p. FAO, Rome. | |
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Chen, C.-H., 2004 Checklist of the fishes of Penghu. FRI Special Publication No. 4. 175 p. | |
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Coelho, R. and K. Erzini, 2002 Age and growth of the undulate ray, Raja undulata, in the Algarve (southern Portugal). J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 82(6):987-990. | |
Coelho, R. and K. Erzini, 2006 Reproductive aspects of the undulate ray, Raja undulata, from the south coast of Portugal. Fish. Res. 81:80-85. | |
Coelho, R., K. Erzini, L. Bentes, C. Correia, P.G. Lino, P. Monteiro, J. Ribeiro and J.M.S. Gonçalves, 2005 Semi-pelagic longline and trammel net Elasmobranch catches in southern Portugal: catch composition, catch rates and discards. J. Northw. Atl. Fish. Sci. 35:531-537. | |
Collette, B.B. and G. Klein-MacPhee (eds.), 2002 Bigelow and Schroeder’s fishes of the Gulf of Maine, third ed. Caldwell, N.J. : Blackburn Press, 577 p.: ill.; 27 cm. | |
Compagno, L.J.V., 1999 Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. | |
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Compagno, L.J.V., D.A. Ebert and M.J. Smale, 1989 Guide to the sharks and rays of southern Africa. New Holland (Publ.) Ltd., London. 158 p. | |
Compagno, L.J.V., P.R. Last, J.D. Stevens and M.N.R. Alava, 2005 Checklist of Philippine Chondrichthyes. CSIRO Marine Laboratories, Rept. 243. 101 p. | |
Concha, F.J., J. Caira, D.A. Ebert and J.H.W. Pomperi, 2019 Redescription and taxonomic status of Dipturus chilensis (Guichenot, 1848), and description of Dipturus lamillai sp. nov. (Rajiformes: Rajidae), a new species of long-snout skate from the Falkland Islands. Zootaxa 4590(5):501-524. | |
Cooper, G.P., 1936 Not given. Papers of Michigan Academy of Sci. 22:587. | |
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