Main Ref. | Jones, P.W., F.D. Martin and J.D. Hardy Jr., 1978 |
Appearance refers to | |
Bones in OsteoBase |
Specialized organs | |
Different appearance | |
Different colors | |
Remarks |
Striking features | none |
Body shape lateral | elongated |
Cross section | compressed |
Dorsal head profile | clearly concave |
Type of eyes | more or less normal |
Type of mouth/snout | other (see remarks) |
Position of mouth | terminal |
Type of scales | cycloid scales |
Diagnosis |
Body rather slender, somewhat compressed, deepest near middle. Head large, naked, and depressed above, profile slightly concave over snout; snout long, broad, and rounded; mouth large, nearly horizontal; lower jaw projecting; maxillary extending to, or slightly beyond anterior margin of pupil. Lateral teeth on lower jaw and vomer enlarged. Cheek and opercle fully scaled. Gill rakers on lateral and media surfaces of arches. Pigmentation: Greenish above, sometimes very dark, venter pale; scales above with golden luster; laterally with light areas enclosed by dark chain-like markings; dark upper side interrupted by light vertical bars; suborbital bar almost vertical or with slight posterior slant; rays of dorsal, anal, pectorals, and pelvic fins with light interradial membranes, caudal fin base marbled with dark pigment, tips dusky; pupil of eye yellow. |
Ease of Identification |
Lateral Lines | 1 Interrupted: No |
Scales on lateral line | 112 - 135 |
Pored lateral line scales | |
Scales in lateral series | |
Scale rows above lateral line | |
Scale rows below lateral line | |
Scales around caudal peduncle | |
Barbels | |
Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
Gill rakers | |
on lower limb | |
on upper limb | |
total | |
Vertebrae | |
preanal | |
total | 49 - 54 |
Attributes | |
Fins number | 1 |
Finlets No. | Dorsal 0 - 0 |
Ventral 0 - 0 | |
Spines total | 0 - 0 |
Soft-rays total | 17 - 21 |
Adipose fin | absent |
Attributes | forked; more or less normal |
Fins number | 1 |
Spines total | 0 - 0 |
Soft-rays total | 11 - 13 |
Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
Spines 0 | |
Soft-rays 25 - 30 | |
Pelvics | Attributes more or less normal |
Position abdominal before origin of D1 | |
Spines 0 | |
Soft-rays 18 - 21 |