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Paralichthys californicus (Ayres, 1859)
California flounder
مشاهدات خود را اضافه کنيد در Fish Watcher
| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
|
| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Paralichthys californicus AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
را بارگذاری کني تصاوير و فيلم ها
Pictures | Videos | تصوير گوگل
Paralichthys californicus
Picture by Gisbert, E.
Pictures | Videos | تصوير گوگل
Picture by Gisbert, E.
United States (contiguous states) country information
Common names:
California halibut, Halibut
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983
National Database:
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983
National Database:
Common names from other countries
رده بندی / Names اسامي عام | مترادف | Catalog of Fishes(جنس, گونه ها) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Paralichthyidae (Large-tooth flounders)
Etymology: Paralichthys: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, ichthys = fish + Greek, suffix, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Ayres.
Etymology: Paralichthys: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, ichthys = fish + Greek, suffix, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Ayres.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range بوم شناسي
دريايي; لب شور نزديك كف زي; اقیانوس رو (Ref. 51243); تغييرات عمق 0 - 183 m (Ref. 2850), usually 0 - 60 m (Ref. 122321). Subtropical; 48°N - 24°N
پراكنش كشورها | مناطق سازمان خوار و بار جهاني (FAO) | Ecosystems | ظهور | Point map | معرفي | Faunafri
Eastern Pacific: Quillayute River in northern Washington, USA to southern Baja California, Mexico. Also in northern Gulf of California (Ref. 9330).
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm 47.3, range 47 - 51.3 cm
Max length : 152 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 2850); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 33.0 kg (Ref. 9330); بيشينه سن گزارش شده: 30 سال ها (Ref. 33520)
Max length : 152 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 2850); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 33.0 kg (Ref. 9330); بيشينه سن گزارش شده: 30 سال ها (Ref. 33520)
Adults are found mostly on sandy bottoms near shore to 183 m depth. Juveniles are common beyond surf line, larvae settling in bays and estuaries (Ref. 122321). Adults feed during the day (Ref. 9643) on fishes and squids, often well off the bottom. An important sport and commercial fish. They are caught with trammel nets (Ref. 9330). Marketed as fresh fillet (Ref. 9330). Adults migrate to shallower waters to spawn (Ref. 9643). Has very sharp teeth and is known to bite if handled (Ref. 13513).
Life cycle and mating behavior بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | Fecundity | توزاد ( لارو)
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). They are batch spawners that exhibit indeterminate fecundiity and undergo asynchronous ovarian development (Ref. 122336). Spawning interval is between 7 and 14 days while spawning frequency is around 12 to 13 times per year.
مآخذ اصلی
Upload your references | مراجع | هماهنگ كننده : Amaoka, Kunio | همكاران
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
حداقل نگرانی (LC) ; Date assessed: 25 May 2007
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري; ماهي ها ي سرگرم كننده: بله
FAO(ماهي گيري – شيلات: production; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us
اطلاعات بيشتر
Population dynamics
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
نوسانات طولی
Mass conversion
بازسازی
فراواني
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
نوسانات طولی
Mass conversion
بازسازی
فراواني
Anatomy
منطقه آبششي
Brain
Otolith
منطقه آبششي
Brain
Otolith
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
ابزارها
E-book | راهنماي صحرايي | كليدهاي شناسايي | امكان نرم افزاري بسامد طولي | ابزار تاريخ زيستي | نقشه نقطه ای | Classification Tree
| Catch-MSY |
گزارش های ويژه
راجع به نگهداری آکواريم ملاحظه کنيد | برگه اطلاعات و مشخصات گونه ها را ملاحظه کنيد | برگه اطلاعات و مشخصات آبزی پروری را ببينيد
بارگيری XML
صفحه خلاصه | Point data | اسامي عام | تصاوير
منابع اينترنتي
Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | فيش واچر را ببينيد | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes(جنس, گونه ها) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(ژنوم, نوکلئوتيد) | GloBI | GOBASE | | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia(برو, جستجو) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 12.4 - 23.9, mean 19.8 (based on 48 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00646 (0.00364 - 0.01145), b=3.15 (3.00 - 3.30), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 4.5 ±0.63 se; based on food items.
جهندگی (Ref. 120179): پايين ، كم, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 5/4 – 14 سال (K=0.08; tmax=30; tm=2.6).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (55 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High vulnerability (61 of 100).