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Mycteroperca bonaci (Poey, 1860)
Black grouper
United States (contiguous states) country information
Common names:
Black grouper, Black rockfish, Marbled rockfish
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Known from Massachusetts (Ref. 89707). Also Ref. 276, 26340, 26938, 13442.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993
National Database:
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Known from Massachusetts (Ref. 89707). Also Ref. 276, 26340, 26938, 13442.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993
National Database:
Common names from other countries
分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Mycteroperca: Greek, mykter, -eros = nose + Greek, perke = perch (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Poey.
Etymology: Mycteroperca: Greek, mykter, -eros = nose + Greek, perke = perch (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Poey.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學
分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri
Western Atlantic: Bermuda and Massachusetts, USA to southern Brazil, including the southern Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean. Adults are unknown from the northeastern coast of the USA.
西大西洋: 百慕達群島與美國麻薩諸塞州到巴西南部, 包括墨西哥灣南部與加勒比海。 成魚是未知的從美國的東北方海岸。
西大西洋: 百慕達群島與美國麻薩諸塞州到巴西南部, 包括墨西哥灣南部與加勒比海。 成魚是未知的從美國的東北方海岸。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 67.7, range 47 - 95.1 cm
Max length : 150 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 70.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大體重: 100.0 kg (Ref. 26340)
Max length : 150 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 70.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大體重: 100.0 kg (Ref. 26340)
簡短描述 檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 11; 背的軟條 (總數) : 15 - 17; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 11 - 13. Distinguished by the following characteristics: Side body has rectangular dark gray blotches. Outer third of second dorsal, anal and caudal fins black. Edge of preopercle smooth, without pronounced lobe at angle; 17-24 total gill rakers (Ref. 26938); depth of body 3.3-3.5 times in SL; head length 2.5-2.8 times in SL; evenly rounded preopercle, without distinct notch or lobe at the angle; subequal sizes of anterior and posterior nostrils (Ref. 89707).
側邊身體有矩形的深灰色斑塊。 第二背鰭，臀鰭與尾鰭黑色的外面第三個。 前鰓蓋骨的邊緣平滑的, 角落沒有明顯的葉; 17-24個總鰓耙.(參考文獻 26938)
側邊身體有矩形的深灰色斑塊。 第二背鰭，臀鰭與尾鰭黑色的外面第三個。 前鰓蓋骨的邊緣平滑的, 角落沒有明顯的葉; 17-24個總鰓耙.(參考文獻 26938)
Minimum depth from Ref. 126840. A solitary species (Ref. 26340) inhabiting rocky and coral reefs (Ref. 9710). Adults feed primarily on fishes; juveniles mainly on crustaceans. Oviparous (Ref. 205). A protogynous hermaphrodite (Ref. 55367). Forms spawning aggregations (Ref. 55367). Common but difficult to approach (Ref. 9710). Marketed fresh and its flesh is of excellent quality.
一種獨居性種 (參考文獻 26340) 居住於岩石與珊瑚礁.(參考文獻 9710) 成魚主要捕食魚; 稚魚主要吃甲殼動物。 卵生的.(參考文獻 205) 一個雌性先熟的雌雄同體.(參考文獻 55367) 產卵群集的表格.(參考文獻 55367) 普遍的但是困難的接近.(參考文獻 9710) 在市場上銷售生鮮地了，而且它的肉是有優良品質的。
一種獨居性種 (參考文獻 26340) 居住於岩石與珊瑚礁.(參考文獻 9710) 成魚主要捕食魚; 稚魚主要吃甲殼動物。 卵生的.(參考文獻 205) 一個雌性先熟的雌雄同體.(參考文獻 55367) 產卵群集的表格.(參考文獻 55367) 普遍的但是困難的接近.(參考文獻 9710) 在市場上銷售生鮮地了，而且它的肉是有優良品質的。
Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
A monandric species (Ref. 55367). According to a study in Campeche Bank, females changed sex between 85.5 and 125.0 cm FL, with median length of 103.3 cm FL. At 114.5 cm FL, 50% of the females in the sample had transformed into males. Age at sex change = 15.5 years (Ref. 55367).西大西洋: 百慕達群島與美國麻薩諸塞州到巴西南部, 包括墨西哥灣南部與加勒比海。 成魚是未知的從美國的東北方海岸。
主要參考資料
Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
人類使用
漁業: 高經濟性; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
FAO(漁業: 產生; publication : search) | FishSource | 周邊海洋
更多資訊
Population dynamics
成長參數
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
長度-頻率
Mass conversion
入添量
豐度
成長參數
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
長度-頻率
Mass conversion
入添量
豐度
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
耗氧量
游泳類型
游泳速度
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
耗氧量
游泳類型
游泳速度
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Genetics
遺傳學
Heterozygosity
遺傳率
遺傳學
Heterozygosity
遺傳率
工具
Bio-Quiz | E-book | 野外調查 | 檢索表 | 長度- 頻率 Wizard | 生活- 歷史的工具 | 分布圖 | Classification Tree
| Catch-MSY |
特別的報告
下載 XML
網路資源
Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | 檢查 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(基因組, 核甘) | GloBI | GOBASE | GoMexSI (interaction data) | | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | 國家資料庫 | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | 公眾的水族館 | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | 樹狀分類階層 | Wikipedia(去, 搜尋) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 動物學的記錄
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00847 - 0.01295), b=3.05 (3.02 - 3.08), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278): 4.3 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref. 120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.16; tmax=14; Fec=500,000).
Prior r = 0.49, 95% CL = 0.33 - 0.74, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (63 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Very high vulnerability (88 of 100).