Silurus glanis, Wels catfish : fisheries, aquaculture, gamefish

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相关物种
- 物种在
  Silurus
- 物种在
  Siluridae
- - 分类 -
- Siluridae
- Siluriformes
- Teleostei
- Chordata
- Animalia

Silurus glanis Linnaeus, 1758

Wels catfish

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Silurus glanis
Picture by Hartl, A.

Common names from other countries

Silure glane, Siluro, جري أو سمكة نهرية دون زعانف, ... more

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Siluriformes (Catfishes) > Siluridae (Sheatfishes)
Etymology: Silurus: Greek, silouros = a cat fish + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

; 淡水; 半咸淡水底中水层性; 非迁移的; 深度上下限 0 - 30 m (Ref. 9988). 溫帶; 4°C - 20°C (Ref. 2059); 62°N - 36°N, 0°E - 80°E

分布国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Europe and Asia. North, Baltic, Black, Caspian and Aral Sea basins, as far north as southern Sweden and Finland; Aegean Sea basin in Maritza and from Struma to Sperchios drainages; Turkey. Absent from the rest of Mediterranean basin. Now widely introduced and translocated throught Europe and Lake Balkhash basin in Kazakhstan. Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction.
歐洲與亞洲。在伯恩公約的附錄 3 中 (受保育的動物群). 引入後的一些國家報告不利的生態衝擊。

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: L_m 87.5, range 86 - 108 cm
Max length : 273 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 123627); 最大体重: 130.0 kg (Ref. 123627); 最大年龄: 80 年 (Ref. 59043)

简单描述检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

背棘 (总数) : 1; 背的软条 (总数) : 4 - 5; 臀棘: 1; 臀鳍软条: 83 - 95. Distinguished from all other freshwater fishes in Europe by the following unique characters: two pairs of mental barbels; and anal fin with 83-91½ rays. Differs further from the following combination of features: body naked; large, depressed head; dorsal fin with 2-4½ rays; caudal fin rounded or truncate; no adipose fin; and anal rays almost touching caudal (Ref. 59043). Caudal fin with 17 rays (Ref. 2196).
尾鳍有 17个鳍条。 (参考文献 2196)

The maximum length of the species has been recorded as 5 m for a long time and the maximum weight as 306 kg . It has been demonstatred that misidentifications and problems of measurment units have led to these numbers. The recorded maxima with evidence are 2.73 m and 130 kg (Ref. 123627). Inhabits large and medium size lowland rivers, backwaters and well vegetated lakes (Ref. 59043). Occurs mainly in large lakes and rivers, though occasionally enters brackish water in the Baltic and Black Seas (Ref. 9988). Found in deep waters of dams constructed on the lower reaches of rivers (Ref. 9696). A nocturnal predator, foraging near bottom and in water column. Larvae and juveniles are benthic, feeding on a wide variety of invertebrates and fish. Adults prey on fish and other aquatic vertebrates. Attains first sexual maturity at 2-3 years of age (Ref. 59043). Spawns in the salt water of the Aral Sea (at Kulandy) (Ref. 1441). Marketed fresh, canned and frozen; can be pan-fried and baked (Ref. 9988). Locally threatened due to river regulation destroying shallow spawning sites (Ref. 59043).

主要生活在大的湖与河, 虽然偶然地在波罗的海与黑海进入半淡咸水.(参考文献 9988) 发现于建在河的下面范围上的水坝的深水域了。 (参考文献 9696) 已知夜间捕食鸭子，野鼠类，小龙虾与小鱼。产卵在咸海 (在 Kulandy) 的咸水。 (参考文献 1441) 在市场上销售生鲜地了, 罐装及冷冻; 可能是油锅炸而烧烤的。 (参考文献 9988)

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼

Males defend small territories in the spawning sites and construct nests made of plant materials. They dig shallow depressions or clean spawning substrate such as willow (Salix) and roots. Males guard the nests until larvae emerge. Spawns in pairs. Eggs hatch in 2-3 days. Larvae live in the nest until yolk sac is absorbed for 2-4 (Ref. 59043). Eggs are surrounded by a mucous and adherent wrapping. Incubation lasts about 50 hours at 24°C. Egg size 3 mm, larval length at hatching 8.5 mm (Ref. 26211).歐洲與亞洲。在伯恩公約的附錄 3 中 (受保育的動物群). 引入後的一些國家報告不利的生態衝擊。

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者

Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)

最不相关 (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 January 2008

CITES (Ref. 131153)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

可能有害的

人类利用

渔业: 商业性; 养殖: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的

FAO(Aquaculture systems: 产生; 渔业: 产生; publication : search) | FishSource | 周边海洋

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00631 (0.00525 - 0.00759), b=2.99 (2.94 - 3.04), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

营养阶层 (Ref. 69278): 4.4 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.

回复力 (Ref. 120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (tm=3-4; tmax=30).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (84 of 100).

价格分类 (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

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