Eswatini (Swaziland) country information

Common names: [No common name]
Occurrence: introduced
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: scarce (very unlikely) | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Introduced from Lake Malawi into the Sand River Dam, where it established (Ref. 1739, 128638). Also Ref. 7248.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/wz.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Stauffer, J.R. Jr., R. Bills, P.H. Skelton and O.L.F. Weyl, 2020
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Vankkapetoahven, 粗壮鮨丽鱼, Olyfkurper, ... more

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies) > Cichlidae (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Etymology: Serranochromis: Latin, serra = saw + Greek, chromis = a fish, perhaps a perch (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Günther.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

; 淡水居於水底的; 深度上下限 2 - ? m. 24°C - 26°C (Ref. 2059); 11°S - 21°S

分布國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Africa: Lake Malawi, rivers flowing into it, and the outflowing Shire River and Lake Malombe (Ref. 39192, 52193, 55954, 79521, 97235, 128638). It was introduced from Lake Malawi into the upper Ruo River in Malawi (Ref. 7248), and Sand River Dam in Swaziland (Ref. 7248, 128638), where it established and spread into the Komati River system in South Africa (Ref. 128638); verbal reports from Mozambique indicate the species has recently spread onto the Mozambique coastal plain (Ref. 128638). Serranochromis species in the Luangwa River may be S. robustus based on photographs taken by anglers, but specimens ar nedded to confirm this (Ref. 128638).

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: L_m 26.5, range 25 - 27.5 cm
Max length : 56.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 40637); 最大體重: 6.1 kg (Ref. 7248)

簡短描述檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

背棘 (總數) : 15 - 16; 背的軟條 (總數) : 13 - 16; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 10 - 11. Diagnosis: The presence of four or five scale rows between the posterior margin of the orbit and the ascending arm of the preoperculum, the presence of widely set unicuspid teeth on the jaws, widely separated gill rakers, and anal fins with egg ocelli places this species in Serranochromis (Ref. 128638). Breeding males of S. robustus possess ocelli that are restricted to the posterior 4-5 membranes of the anal fin, which delimits them from all other Serranochromis species, which have ocelli throughout the anal fin in breeding males, with the exception of S. jallae (Ref. 128638). Serranochromis robustus generally has a longer lower jaw than S. jallae, 50.7-59.6% of head length vs. 49.2-52.7%; it is not as deep-bodied as S. jallae as evidenced by the distance between the posterior insertion of the dorsal fin and the posterior insertion of the anal fin, 13.4-15.1% of standard length in S. robustus vs. 14.9-18.4% in S. jallae; additionally, S. robustus has a narrower least caudal peduncle depth than S. jallae, 10.9-12.8% of standard length vs. 11.3-14.2%, the least caudal peduncle depth of all S. robustus was less than 12.8% of standard length while for S. jallae, except for the smallest specimen, the least caudal peduncle depth was greater than 13.2%; Serranochromis robustus has a smaller horizontal eye diameter than S. jallae, 17.7-27.4% of head length vs. 18.6-25.5%; in general, S. robustus has more teeth in the outer row of the left lower jaw than S. jallae, 14-23 vs. 13-14 (Ref. 128638). Adults in breeding colour of Serranochromis robustus are blue/green laterally with a narrow yellow marginal band on the dorsal fin and usually a small yellowish tip to the upper caudal-fin lobe; adults in breeding colour of S. jallae are yellow/green laterally with a bright orange marginal band on the dorsal and caudal fins in fish from the Okavango River system, but creamy yellow bands in fish from the upper Zambezi River system; the throat and belly of S. jallae becomes more intensely yellow-orange in breeding dress hence the local name 'yellow-belly'; rarely, specimens from the Okavango River in Namibia also have yellow rather than orange marginal bands (Ref. 128638).

It occupies mostly complex habitats in water shallower than 10 m; mostly found near river outlets and in the southern part of Lake Malawi; in southern Lake Malawi it is generally associated with the rock/sand interface or, associated with submerged aquatic vegetation and among reed beds in shallow water and inlets (Ref. 5595, 128638). Present in calm coves or slow flowing sections of rivers with vegetation; not common in Lake Malawi, but abundant in larger rivers (Ref. 4967). Piscivore, hunting mbuna and sand-dwelling haplochromines; mouthbrooder (Ref. 5595). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Breeds in summer (Ref. 7248).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚

Oviparous (Ref. 205). Females incubate the eggs in the mouth (Ref. 50828).

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 : Kullander, Sven O. | 合作者

Snoeks, J. and M. Hanssens, 2004. Identification guidelines to other non-mbuna. p.266-310. In Snoeks, J. (ed.) The cichlid diversity of Lake Malawi/Nyasa/Niassa: identification, distribution and taxonomy. Cichlid Press, El Paso, USA, 360p. (Ref. 55954)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

極危 (CR) (A2c+3cde); Date assessed: 20 June 2018

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

人類使用

漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的

FAO(Aquaculture systems: 產生; ; publication : search) | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01349 (0.00754 - 0.02415), b=3.00 (2.85 - 3.15), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

營養階層 (Ref. 69278): 4.1 ±0.67 se; based on food items.

回復力 (Ref. 120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.51; tm=3).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (25 of 100).

價格種類 (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Serranochromis robustus (Günther, 1864)

Common names from other countries

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

分布國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡

簡短描述檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

生物學特性字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 : Kullander, Sven O. | 合作者

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

CITES (Ref. 128078)

CMS (Ref. 116361)

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人類使用

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網路資源

Estimates based on models

Serranochromis robustus (Günther, 1864)

Common names from other countries

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡

簡短描述 檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

生物學特性 字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 : Kullander, Sven O. | 合作者

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

CITES (Ref. 128078)

CMS (Ref. 116361)

對人類具威脅

人類使用

更多資訊

工具

特別的報告

下載 XML

網路資源

Estimates based on models

分布國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

簡短描述檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

生物學特性字彙 (例如 epibenthic)