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Mylopharyngodon piceus (Richardson, 1846)
Black carp
Russian Federation country information
Common names:
Black amur, Chinese roach, Tschernyi Amur
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: subsistence fisheries | Ref: Berg, L.S., 1964
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Occurs in the Ussuri, Lake Khanka, and the Amur below Khabarovsk from the confluence of the Sungari to Novoil'inka and Lake Udyl (Ref. 26334). This has been translocated to areas within the country for aquaculture and stocking in open waters, but failed to establish populations (Ref. 45022). Native stocks have declined sharply (Ref. 59043). nEurRus
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/rs.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Bogutskaya, N.G. and A.M. Naseka, 1996
National Database:
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: subsistence fisheries | Ref: Berg, L.S., 1964
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Occurs in the Ussuri, Lake Khanka, and the Amur below Khabarovsk from the confluence of the Sungari to Novoil'inka and Lake Udyl (Ref. 26334). This has been translocated to areas within the country for aquaculture and stocking in open waters, but failed to establish populations (Ref. 45022). Native stocks have declined sharply (Ref. 59043). nEurRus
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/rs.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Bogutskaya, N.G. and A.M. Naseka, 1996
National Database:
Common names from other countries
分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Cypriniformes (Carps) > Xenocyprididae (East Asian minnows)
Etymology: Mylopharyngodon: Greek, mylo = mill + Greek, pharynx = throat + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Richardson.
Etymology: Mylopharyngodon: Greek, mylo = mill + Greek, pharynx = throat + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Richardson.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学
; 淡水; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; pH range: 7.5 - 8.5; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 5 - 30 m (Ref. 6898). 亚热带的; 0°C - 40°C (Ref. 55930); 53°N - 15°N, 100°E - 140°E (Ref. 55930)
分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri
Asia: Amur river basin to southern China (Ref. 55930). Reported from Vietnam (Ref. 44416). Persists only in Europe by stocking or accidental releases; native stocks in Russia have declined sharply (Ref. 59043). Several countries reported adverse ecological impact after introduction.
亚洲: 阿穆尔河流域到中国南部。 贸易在德国限制 (Anl。3 BArtSchV). 一些国家报告引入后的不利的生态冲击。
亚洲: 阿穆尔河流域到中国南部。 贸易在德国限制 (Anl。3 BArtSchV). 一些国家报告引入后的不利的生态冲击。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 91.5, range 100 - ? cm
Max length : 180 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 12.2 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 35840); 最大体重: 35.0 kg (Ref. 56557); 最大年龄: 13 年 (Ref. 55930)
Max length : 180 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 12.2 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 35840); 最大体重: 35.0 kg (Ref. 56557); 最大年龄: 13 年 (Ref. 55930)
简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 7 - 9; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 8 - 10. Anatomy of the pharyngeal apparatus is the main distinguishing characteristic; throat teeth typically form a single row of 4-5 large molariform teeth on each of the two arches, with formula typically 1,4 - 4,1.
咽器官的剖析是主要的有区别的特性; 咽喉齿典型地形成一个单列的 4-5 大的臼齿型牙齿在每一个两者弓, 藉由公式典型地 1,4- 4,1.
咽器官的剖析是主要的有区别的特性; 咽喉齿典型地形成一个单列的 4-5 大的臼齿型牙齿在每一个两者弓, 藉由公式典型地 1,4- 4,1.
Adults inhabit large lowland rivers and lakes, preferably with clear water and high oxygen concentrations. Larvae feed on zooplankton, then on ostracods and aquatic insects. At about 120 mm SL, juveniles start to prey on small snails and clams while larger juveniles and adults feed almost entirely on molluscs. Undertake upriver migration and spawns in open waters. Deposit pelagic or semipelagic eggs which hatch while drifting downstream. Larvae settle into floodplain lakes and channels with little or no current (Ref. 59043). Maximum age probably exceeds 15 years; the figure of 20 years is not supported by data (Ref. 55930).
栖息于河。 (参考文献 9987) 主要吃贻贝与蜗牛, 也吃水生昆虫与甲壳动物。 在实验下面对于在美国的水产业.(参考文献 4537) 最大的年龄可能超过 15 年; 20 年的数字不被由数据支撑。 (参考文献 55930) 求偶的雄鱼有头部与背鳍上繁殖小瘤。
栖息于河。 (参考文献 9987) 主要吃贻贝与蜗牛, 也吃水生昆虫与甲壳动物。 在实验下面对于在美国的水产业.(参考文献 4537) 最大的年龄可能超过 15 年; 20 年的数字不被由数据支撑。 (参考文献 55930) 求偶的雄鱼有头部与背鳍上繁殖小瘤。
Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Prewspawning adults migrate upstream in spring - early summer; spawning takes place in turbulent waters; eggs are pelagic and drift downstream and larvae enter nursery areas such as flood plains or backwater habitats; main river channel is used as feeding and wintering area by subadults and adults.亚洲: 阿穆尔河流域到中国南部。 贸易在德国限制 (Anl。3 BArtSchV). 一些国家报告引入后的不利的生态冲击。
主要参考文献
Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
Nico, L.G., J.D. Williams and H.L. Jelks, 2005. Black carp: biological synopsis and risk assessment of an introduced fish. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. 337 p. (Ref. 55930)
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性; 养殖: 商业性
FAO(Aquaculture systems: 产生; 渔业: 产生; publication : search) | FishSource |
更多信息
Population dynamics
成长参数
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
体长-频率
Mass conversion
入添量
丰度
成长参数
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
体长-频率
Mass conversion
入添量
丰度
Anatomy
鳃区
Brain
Otolith
鳃区
Brain
Otolith
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
耗氧量
游泳类型
游泳速度
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
耗氧量
游泳类型
游泳速度
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
工具
Bio-Quiz | E-book | 野外调查 | 长度- 频率 Wizard | 生活- 历史的工具 | 分布图 | Classification Tree
| Catch-MSY |
特别资料
下载 XML
网络资源
Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | 核实 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(基因组, 核苷酸) | GloBI | GOBASE | | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | 国家资料库 | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | 树状分类阶层 | Wikipedia(转至, 搜寻) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 动物学的记录
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00779 - 0.01068), b=3.09 (3.05 - 3.13), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278): 3.2 ±0.44 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref. 120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.08-0.09; tm=3-9; tmax >13; Fec=1,000,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (80 of 100).