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Mylopharyngodon piceus (Richardson, 1846)
Black carp
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Pictures | Google afbeelding
Mylopharyngodon piceus
Picture by CAFS
Pictures | Google afbeelding
Picture by CAFS
Russian Federation country information
Common names:
Black amur, Chinese roach, Tschernyi Amur
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: subsistence fisheries | Ref: Berg, L.S., 1964
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Occurs in the Ussuri, Lake Khanka, and the Amur below Khabarovsk from the confluence of the Sungari to Novoil'inka and Lake Udyl (Ref. 26334). This has been translocated to areas within the country for aquaculture and stocking in open waters, but failed to establish populations (Ref. 45022). Native stocks have declined sharply (Ref. 59043). nEurRus
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/rs.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Bogutskaya, N.G. and A.M. Naseka, 1996
National Database:
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: subsistence fisheries | Ref: Berg, L.S., 1964
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Occurs in the Ussuri, Lake Khanka, and the Amur below Khabarovsk from the confluence of the Sungari to Novoil'inka and Lake Udyl (Ref. 26334). This has been translocated to areas within the country for aquaculture and stocking in open waters, but failed to establish populations (Ref. 45022). Native stocks have declined sharply (Ref. 59043). nEurRus
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/rs.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Bogutskaya, N.G. and A.M. Naseka, 1996
National Database:
Common names from other countries
Classificatie / Names Lokale namen | Synoniemen | Catalog of Fishes(Genus, Soort(en)) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Cypriniformes (Carps) > Xenocyprididae (East Asian minnows)
Etymology: Mylopharyngodon: Greek, mylo = mill + Greek, pharynx = throat + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Richardson.
Etymology: Mylopharyngodon: Greek, mylo = mill + Greek, pharynx = throat + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Richardson.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie
; zoet water; brak water demersaal; pH range: 7.5 - 8.5; potamodroom (Ref. 51243); diepte 5 - 30 m (Ref. 6898). Subtropical; 0°C - 40°C (Ref. 55930); 53°N - 15°N, 100°E - 140°E (Ref. 55930)
Verspreiding Landen | FAO regio's | Ecosystemen | Voorkomen | Point map | Introducties | Faunafri
Asia: Amur river basin to southern China (Ref. 55930). Reported from Vietnam (Ref. 44416). Persists only in Europe by stocking or accidental releases; native stocks in Russia have declined sharply (Ref. 59043). Several countries reported adverse ecological impact after introduction.
Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm 91.5, range 100 - ? cm
Max length : 180 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 40637); common length : 12.2 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 35840); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 35.0 kg (Ref. 56557); max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 13 Jaren (Ref. 55930)
Max length : 180 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 40637); common length : 12.2 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 35840); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 35.0 kg (Ref. 56557); max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 13 Jaren (Ref. 55930)
Korte beschrijving Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 0; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 7 - 9; Anale stekels: 0; Anale zachte stralen: 8 - 10. Anatomy of the pharyngeal apparatus is the main distinguishing characteristic; throat teeth typically form a single row of 4-5 large molariform teeth on each of the two arches, with formula typically 1,4 - 4,1.
Adults inhabit large lowland rivers and lakes, preferably with clear water and high oxygen concentrations. Larvae feed on zooplankton, then on ostracods and aquatic insects. At about 120 mm SL, juveniles start to prey on small snails and clams while larger juveniles and adults feed almost entirely on molluscs. Undertake upriver migration and spawns in open waters. Deposit pelagic or semipelagic eggs which hatch while drifting downstream. Larvae settle into floodplain lakes and channels with little or no current (Ref. 59043). Maximum age probably exceeds 15 years; the figure of 20 years is not supported by data (Ref. 55930).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven
Prewspawning adults migrate upstream in spring - early summer; spawning takes place in turbulent waters; eggs are pelagic and drift downstream and larvae enter nursery areas such as flood plains or backwater habitats; main river channel is used as feeding and wintering area by subadults and adults.
Hoofdreferentie
Upload your references | Referenties | Coördinator | Medewerkers
Nico, L.G., J.D. Williams and H.L. Jelks, 2005. Black carp: biological synopsis and risk assessment of an introduced fish. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. 337 p. (Ref. 55930)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 02 April 2020
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: van groot commercieel belang; Aquacultuur: commercieel
FAO(Aquaculture systems: productie; visserij: productie; publication : search) | FishSource |
Meer informatie
Population dynamics
Groeiparameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Lengtefrequenties
Massaconversie
Rekrutering
Abundantie
Groeiparameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Lengtefrequenties
Massaconversie
Rekrutering
Abundantie
Life cycle
Voortplanting
Maturiteit
Fecunditeit
Paaien
Spawning aggregations
Eieren
Ontwikkeling van de eieren
Larven
Larvale populatiedynamiek
Voortplanting
Maturiteit
Fecunditeit
Paaien
Spawning aggregations
Eieren
Ontwikkeling van de eieren
Larven
Larvale populatiedynamiek
Anatomy
Kieuwoppervlak
Brain
Otolith
Kieuwoppervlak
Brain
Otolith
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Zuurstofverbruik
Zwemtype
Zwemsnelheid
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
Zuurstofverbruik
Zwemtype
Zwemsnelheid
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Aquacultuurprofielen
Kweeklijnen
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Aquaculture systems
Aquacultuurprofielen
Kweeklijnen
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Tools
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Internetbronnen
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Estimates based on models
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00779 - 0.01068), b=3.09 (3.05 - 3.13), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278): 3.2 ±0.44 se; based on food items.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179): laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 4,5-14 jaar (K=0.08-0.09; tm=3-9; tmax >13; Fec=1,000,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (80 of 100).