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Tetrapturus pfluegeri Robins, de & Sylva, 1963
Longbill spearfish
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Tetrapturus pfluegeri
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Portugal country information
Common names:
Espadim bicudo, Espadim-bicudo, Longbill spearfish
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist: Portugal
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/po.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Nakamura, I., 1985
National Database: Portuguese Freshwater Fishes
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist: Portugal
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/po.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Nakamura, I., 1985
National Database: Portuguese Freshwater Fishes
Common names from other countries
Classificação / Names Nomes comuns | Sinônimos | Catalog of Fishes(Gênero, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Carangiformes (Jacks) > Istiophoridae (Billfishes)
Etymology: Tetrapturus: Greek, tetra = four + Greek, pteron, fin, wing (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Albert Pflueger Sr. (d: 1962) was a taxidermist based in Miami who invented a new method of mounting fish specimens, especially large ‘sport’ specimens like tarpon and sailfish. (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on authors: Robins, de & Sylva.
Etymology: Tetrapturus: Greek, tetra = four + Greek, pteron, fin, wing (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Albert Pflueger Sr. (d: 1962) was a taxidermist based in Miami who invented a new method of mounting fish specimens, especially large ‘sport’ specimens like tarpon and sailfish. (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on authors: Robins, de & Sylva.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia
marinhas; oceanódromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 0 - 200 m (Ref. 43), usually 100 - ? m (Ref. 4770). Subtropical; 44°N - 33°S, 98°W - 17°E (Ref. 43)
Distribuição Países | Áreas da FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Point map | Introduções | Faunafri
Atlantic Ocean: widely distributed in offshore waters, much more densely so in the western than in the eastern Atlantic. Highly migratory species.
Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 254 cm FL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 40637); common length : 165 cm OT macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 43); peso máx. publicado: 58.0 kg (Ref. 40637)
Max length : 254 cm FL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 40637); common length : 165 cm OT macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 43); peso máx. publicado: 58.0 kg (Ref. 40637)
Descrição suscinta Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria
Espinhos dorsais (total) : 0; Raios dorsais (total) : 50 - 57; Espinhos anais: 0; Raios anais : 18 - 21; Vértebras: 24. Blue-black above, silvery white splattered with brown on the sides, silvery white below; dorsal fins dark blue; pectorals blackish brown, occasionally with tinges of greyish white; pelvic fins blue-black with a black fin membrane; 1st anal fin dark blue with silvery white at base; 2nd anal fin blackish brown.
Oceanic species, chiefly found in offshore waters, usually above the thermocline. Feed mainly on pelagic fishes and squids (Ref. 4770). Females probably spawn once a year (Ref. 4770). Marketed frozen.
Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas
Maturation seems to occur at the same time rather than in the same season both in the northern and southern hemisphere, which could be suggestive of homogeneity of the population of this species. Females probably spawn once a year (Ref. 4770).
Referência principal
Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador | Colaboradores
Nakamura, I., 1985. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 5. Billfishes of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of marlins, sailfishes, spearfishes and swordfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(5):65p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 43)
Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Segura ou pouco preocupante (LC) ; Date assessed: 15 September 2010
Ameaça para os humanos
Harmless
Uso pelos humanos
Pescarias: pouco comercial; peixe esportivo: sim
FAO(pescarias: produção; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us
Mais informação
Population dynamics
Parâmetros de crescimento
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Frequências de comprimento
Conversão de massa
Recrutamento
Abundância
Parâmetros de crescimento
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Frequências de comprimento
Conversão de massa
Recrutamento
Abundância
Life cycle
Reprodução
Maturidade
Fecundidade
Desova
Spawning aggregations
Ovos
Desenvolvimento dos ovos
Larvas
Dinâmica larval
Reprodução
Maturidade
Fecundidade
Desova
Spawning aggregations
Ovos
Desenvolvimento dos ovos
Larvas
Dinâmica larval
Anatomy
Área branquial
Brain
Otolith
Área branquial
Brain
Otolith
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Consumo de oxigênio
Tipo de natação
Velocidade de natação
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
Consumo de oxigênio
Tipo de natação
Velocidade de natação
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Genetics
Genética
Heterozygosity
Hereditariedade
Genética
Heterozygosity
Hereditariedade
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Perfis para aquacultura
Estirpes
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Aquaculture systems
Perfis para aquacultura
Estirpes
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Ferramentas
Livro eletrônico | Guia de campo | Chaves de identificação | Ferramenta auxiliar de frequências de comprimento | Ferramenta sobre a história de vida | Mapa de pontos | Classification Tree
| Catch-MSY |
Relatórios especiais
Checar Manutenção em Aquário | Checar Planilhas de Fatos sobre as Espécies | Checar Planilhas de Fatos sobre Aquicultura
Baixar XML
Fontes da internet
Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Checar Observador de Peixes (FishWatcher) | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes(Gênero, Espécies) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(genoma, nucleotídeo) | GloBI | GOBASE | | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Bases de dados nacionais | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | Árvore da vida | Wikipedia(Ir para, procura) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Registro zoológico
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 14.1 - 23.7, mean 18.2 (based on 140 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 0.5630 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00195 - 0.01025), b=3.14 (2.94 - 3.34), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278): 4.4 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliência (Ref. 120179): médio(a), tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (Assuming tm=2-4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High to very high vulnerability (65 of 100).