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Arapaima - Species in
Arapaimidae - - Classification -
- Arapaimidae
- Osteoglossiformes
- Teleostei
- Chordata
- Animalia
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Arapaima gigas
Picture by Lovshin, L.
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Picture by Lovshin, L.
Peru country information
Common names:
Paiche
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: commercial | Ref: FAO Fishery Information, Data and Statistics Service, 1993
Regulations: restricted | Ref: Wheeler, A., 1977
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Known from the Amazon River basin (Ref. 50891). Occurs mainly in Ucayali and Marañon Rivers, with the exception of Pacaya-Samiria (Ref. 9235). Minimum size of capture is 1 m. However, this restriction is hardly enforced (Ref. 557).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/pe.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Ferraris, C.J. Jr., 2003
National Database:
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: commercial | Ref: FAO Fishery Information, Data and Statistics Service, 1993
Regulations: restricted | Ref: Wheeler, A., 1977
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Known from the Amazon River basin (Ref. 50891). Occurs mainly in Ucayali and Marañon Rivers, with the exception of Pacaya-Samiria (Ref. 9235). Minimum size of capture is 1 m. However, this restriction is hardly enforced (Ref. 557).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/pe.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Ferraris, C.J. Jr., 2003
National Database:
Common names from other countries
Classification / Names Κοινά ονόματα | Συνώνυμα | Catalog of Fishes(Γένος, Είδη) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Osteoglossiformes (Bony tongues) > Arapaimidae (Bonytongues)
Etymology: Arapaima: From tupí-guaraní, arapaima (Ref. 45335).
Etymology: Arapaima: From tupí-guaraní, arapaima (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Οικολογία
; Γλυκού νερού βενθικό(ς); pH range: 6.0 - 6.5; dH range: 10 - ?. Tropical; 25°C - 29°C (Ref. 2060); 5°N - 11°S
Κατανομή Χώρες | Περιοχές FAO | Οικοσυστήματα | Παρουσίες | Point map | Εισαγωγές | Faunafri
South America: Amazon River basin. The active fishing of this fish has reduced both the population size, and occurrence of large individuals, especially around the populated regions of the Amazon (Ref. 50891).
Length at first maturity / Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm 149.5, range 145 - 154 cm
Max length : 450 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 6398); common length : 200 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 557); μεγ. δημοσιευμένο βάρος: 200.0 kg (Ref. 557)
Max length : 450 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 6398); common length : 200 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 557); μεγ. δημοσιευμένο βάρος: 200.0 kg (Ref. 557)
Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Often referred to as the largest freshwater fish. Builds a nest of about 15 cm depth and 50 cm width in sandy bottoms. Spawns in April and May and guards the eggs and the young. Obligate air breather. The fish rises to the surface of the water and inspires air in a noisy, distinctive gulp, which is reported to carry for long distances (Ref. 50891). Migrates into higher floodplain habitats with rising water and moves back eventually to lacustrine habitats during low water level (Ref. 116898). Threatened due to over harvesting (Ref. 58490).
Life cycle and mating behavior Γεννητική Ωρίμανση | Αναπαραγωγή | Γεννοβολία | Αβγά | Γονιμότητα | Προνύμφες
Main reference
Upload your references | Αναφορές | Συντονιστής | Συνεργάτες
Ferraris, C.J. Jr., 2003. Arapaimatidae (Bonytongues). p. 31. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 50891)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Data deficient (DD) ; Date assessed: 01 August 1996
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά); Υδατοκαλλιέργειες: Εμπορικό(ά); αλιεία αναψυχής: ναί; Ενυδρείο: Δημόσια ενυδρεία
FAO(Aquaculture systems: Παραγωγή; αλιεία: Παραγωγή; publication : search) | FishSource |
Περισσότερες πληροφορίες
Population dynamics
Παράμετροι Αύξησης
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Στρατολόγηση
Αφθονία
Παράμετροι Αύξησης
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Στρατολόγηση
Αφθονία
Life cycle
Αναπαραγωγή
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση
Γονιμότητα
Γεννοβολία
Spawning aggregations
Αβγά
Egg development
Προνύμφες
Δυναμική προνυμφών
Αναπαραγωγή
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση
Γονιμότητα
Γεννοβολία
Spawning aggregations
Αβγά
Egg development
Προνύμφες
Δυναμική προνυμφών
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Κατανάλωση οξυγόνου
Κολυμβητικός τύπος
Ταχύτητα κολύμβησης
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
Κατανάλωση οξυγόνου
Κολυμβητικός τύπος
Ταχύτητα κολύμβησης
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Human related
Aquaculture systems
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Aquaculture systems
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Εργαλεία
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Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes(Γένος, Είδη) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | GOBASE | | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | OsteoBase(skull, spine) | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Δημόσια ενυδρεία | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | Δέντρο Ζωής | Wikipedia(Go, αναζήτηση) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 0.5938 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01096 (0.00594 - 0.02026), b=2.94 (2.77 - 3.11), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref. 69278): 4.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref. 120179): Χαμηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 4,5 - 14 έτη (tm=4-6; Fec=47,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).