Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
marina; sötvatten; brackvatten bottenlevande; amfidrom (Ref. 46888). Tropical; 22°C - 29°C (Ref. 36880); 33°N - 5°S, 98°W - 35°W (Ref. 117424)
Western Central Atlantic: Southern Florida and southern Texas in USA to eastern Brazil. Eastern Central Atlantic: Macias Nguema (Fernando Po).
Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 90.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 11344); common length : 36.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 12193); publicerad maxvikt: 7.5 kg (Ref. 11344)
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 7; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 9; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 1; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 9.
Adults occur in fresh water, often well inland. Found over sand streams, usually in current near cover (Ref. 86798). Inhabits larger free flowing clear water streams (Ref. 11225). They lie mostly on the bottom in slower moving part of streams, sometimes on logs or large stones and on leaf debris or gravel (Ref. 11225). A carnivorous and benthic fish that relies on its sluggish behavior and cryptic coloration (Ref. 36880). Feeds on all greater invertebrates and regularly also fish (Ref. 92840).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
CITES (Ref. 131153)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fiskeri: av potentiellt intresse
Verktyg
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 26.4 - 28.3, mean 27.5 (based on 395 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00434 - 0.01667), b=3.04 (2.86 - 3.22), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.57 se; based on food items.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Mycket låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mer än 14 år (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (56 of 100).