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個人による観察記録の追加 Fish Watcher
| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Thunnus thynnus AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
Upload your 写真 and ビデオ
Pictures | Videos | Stamps, coins, misc. | グーグルの画像
Thunnus thynnus
Picture by Ticina, V.
Pictures | Videos | Stamps, coins, misc. | グーグルの画像
Picture by Ticina, V.
Libya country information
Common names:
[No common name]
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ly.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983
National Database:
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ly.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983
National Database:
Common names from other countries
分類 / Names 共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Scombriformes (Mackerels) > Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Thunnus: Greek, thynnos = tunna (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Etymology: Thunnus: Greek, thynnos = tunna (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態学
海; 汽水性の; 海洋回遊性 (Ref. 51243); 深さの範囲 0 - 985 m (Ref. 55291), usually 0 - 100 m. Subtropical; 3°C - 30°C (Ref. 88796); 69°N - 58°S, 99°W - 42°E
分布 国々 | 国連食糧農業機関の区域 | エコシステム | 事件 | Point map | 導入 | Faunafri
Western Atlantic: Labrador and Newfoundland to Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean Sea to Venezuela and Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: Lofoten Islands off Norway to Canary Islands, including the Mediterranean and the southern part of the Black Sea (Ref. 6769). Reported from Mauritania (Ref. 5377). There is a subpopulation off South Africa. Highly migratory species.
Length at first maturity / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
Maturity: Lm 103.5, range 97 - 110 cm
Max length : 458 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 26340); common length : 200 cm FL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 168); 最大公表体重: 684.0 kg (Ref. 26340); 最大記録サイズ: 32 年 (Ref. 5810)
Max length : 458 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 26340); common length : 200 cm FL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 168); 最大公表体重: 684.0 kg (Ref. 26340); 最大記録サイズ: 32 年 (Ref. 5810)
簡単な記述 検索表 | 形態学 | 形態計測学
背面の脊椎 (合計) : 12 - 14; 背鰭 (合計) : 13 - 15; 肛門の骨: 0; 臀鰭: 13 - 16; 脊つい: 39. A very large species, deepest near the middle of the first dorsal fin base. The second dorsal fin higher than the first; the pectoral fins are very short, less than 80% of head length. Swim bladder present. Lower sides and belly silvery white with colorless transverse lines alternated with rows of colorless dots. The first dorsal fin is yellow or bluish; the second reddish-brown; the anal fin and finlets dusky yellow and edged with black; the median caudal keel is black in adults. May be confused with several other tunas, these are typically much smaller and easily distinguished by specific patterns of stripes, bands or dots.
Oceanic but seasonally coming close to shore. They school by size, sometimes together with albacore, yellowfin, bigeye, skipjack etc. Visual predators (Ref. 88866) preying on small schooling fishes (anchovies, sauries, hakes) or on squids and red crabs. Live up to 40 years in the western Atlantic (Ref. 88822). Weight up to 900 kg (Ref. 88823). Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6769). Juvenile growth is rapid (about 30 cm / year) but slower than in other tuna
and billfish species (Ref. 88867). Adult growth is considerably slower, with about 10 years needed to reach two thirds of maximum length. Become rare because of massive overfishing (Ref. 35388).
Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | 卵 | 生産力 | 幼生
Oviparous batch spawner, with an inter-spawning interval of 1-2 days in the Mediterranean Sea (Ref. 88871). Females larger than 205 cm fork length are estimated to have a mean fecundity of 30-60 and 13-15 million eggs, in the western and eastern Atlantic respectively (Ref. 40805, Ref. 88871). Spawning occurs when sea surface temperatures are between 22.6-27.5 ºC and 22.5-25.5 ºC in the Gulf of Mexico and Mediterranean Sea respectively (88868). Spawning occurs between June and August in the Mediterranean Sea (Ref. 88868). Eggs are released directly to the water column and hatch after 2 days (Ref. 88823). At 24°C, embryo development lasts about 32 hours and larval stages about 30 days. Egg size 1.0 mm, larval length at hatching 2.8 mm.
Spawning grounds are mainly known from the Gulf of Mexico and the Mediterranean Sea, but the presence of mature individuals and larvae far from these areas (e.g. Bahamas and central North Atlantic Ocean) suggest that other spawning grounds may also be utilized (Ref. 88873, Ref. 88874, Ref. 88872). Appears to display homing behaviour with (western-tagged individuals migrating back to specific spawning sites either in the Gulf of Mexico or the Mediterranean Sea) (Ref. 88872, Ref. 88870). Fidelity to natal areas seem to occur once individuals reach maturity, i.e. after returning to either the western or eastern spawning grounds (Ref. 88868).
主な参考文献
Upload your references | 参考文献 | コーディネーター : Collette, Bruce B. | 協力者
Collette, B.B., 1999. Mackerels, molecules, and morphology. p. 149-164. In B. Séret and J.-Y. Sire (eds.) Proc. 5th Indo-Pac. Fish Conf., Noumea, Paris. (Ref. 33246)
人間に対する脅威
Harmless
Human uses
水産業: 商業; 水産養殖: 商業; ゲームフィッシュ: はい
FAO(Aquaculture systems: 代謝; 水産業: 代謝, 種の外形; publication : search) | FIRMS (Stock assessments) | FishSource | 私達の周りの海
より多くの情報
Population dynamics
成長のパラメーター
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
体長組成
Mass conversion
補充
豊度
成長のパラメーター
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
体長組成
Mass conversion
補充
豊度
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
酸素消費
水泳形態
泳ぐ速さ
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
酸素消費
水泳形態
泳ぐ速さ
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
用具
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特記事項
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インターネットの情報源
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 7.5 - 24.7, mean 12.6 (based on 3084 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01230 (0.01003 - 0.01509), b=3.03 (2.99 - 3.07), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
栄養段階 (Ref. 69278): 4.5 ±0.8 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref. 120179): 手段, １．４年～４．４年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (tm=3-5; tmax=15; Fec=10 million).
Prior r = 0.24, 95% CL = 0.16 - 0.35, Based on 5 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (82 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).