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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Anguilla japonica AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
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Anguilla japonica
Picture by Shao, K.T.
Pictures | Stamps, coins, misc. | Google image
Picture by Shao, K.T.
Japan country information
Common names:
Kabayaki, Nihon-unagi, Unagi
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref: Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984
Aquaculture: commercial | Ref: Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Recorded from the Chikuma River, Hokkaido (Ref. 37812, 11230); Kawahara-oike Lake, Nagasaki (Ref. 32231); in Futatsukawa Creek, Fukuoka Prefecture (Ref. 37350), Lake Hamana, Aichi and Minato River, Chiba (Ref. 48776). Also. Ref. 9988, 57032. Status of threat: Endangered (Ref. 94887).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.maff.go.jp/eindex.html
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984
National Database:
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref: Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984
Aquaculture: commercial | Ref: Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Recorded from the Chikuma River, Hokkaido (Ref. 37812, 11230); Kawahara-oike Lake, Nagasaki (Ref. 32231); in Futatsukawa Creek, Fukuoka Prefecture (Ref. 37350), Lake Hamana, Aichi and Minato River, Chiba (Ref. 48776). Also. Ref. 9988, 57032. Status of threat: Endangered (Ref. 94887).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.maff.go.jp/eindex.html
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984
National Database:
Common names from other countries
Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei (teleosts) > Anguilliformes (Eels and morays) > Anguillidae (Freshwater eels)
Etymology: Anguilla: Latin, anguilla, .-ae = eel (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Temminck & Schlegel.
Etymology: Anguilla: Latin, anguilla, .-ae = eel (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Temminck & Schlegel.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology
Marine; freshwater; brackish; demersal; catadromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 1 - 400 m (Ref. 6898). Subtropical; 4°C - 27°C (Ref. 12468); 46°N - 15°N, 105°E - 170°E
Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri
Asia: Japan to the East China Sea, Taiwan, Korea, China and northern Philippines. Spawning grounds of this species are presumed to be in the western Mariana Islands, at a salinity front near 15°N and 140°E (Ref. 54488). Most expensive food fish in Japan. Introduced elsewhere.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 150 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9828); common length : 40.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 35840); max. published weight: 1.9 kg (Ref. 82795)
Max length : 150 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9828); common length : 40.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 35840); max. published weight: 1.9 kg (Ref. 82795)
Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics
Vertebrae: 114 - 118. Plain-colored.
Spawning occurs in the sea; small eels ascend the rivers in schools; develop and grow in freshwater. The species may crawl over land at night from one place to another (Ref. 5258, 11230). Adults feed on crustaceans, insects and fish (Ref. 5258). Maximum weight given (1889 g) has a maximum length of 100.8 cm TL in Ref. 82795. Utilized fresh, smoked, canned and frozen; eaten steamed, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988). Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166).
Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Assuming reproductive mode to be the same as that of Anguilla anguilla.
Main reference
Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators
Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Endangered (EN) (A2bcd); Date assessed: 06 November 2018
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: highly commercial; aquaculture: commercial
FAO(Aquaculture systems: production, species profile; Fisheries: production, species profile; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us
More information
Population dynamics
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Spawning aggregations
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Reproduction
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Spawning aggregations
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Anatomy
Gill area
Brain
Otolith
Gill area
Brain
Otolith
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
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Internet sources
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 2.5 - 23.3, mean 17 (based on 432 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00062 (0.00039 - 0.00099), b=3.18 (3.05 - 3.31), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.6 ±0.51 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref. 120179): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (K=0.07).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High to very high vulnerability (71 of 100).