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Salmonidae - - Classification -
- Coregoninae
- Salmonidae
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Coregonus lavaretus
Picture by Østergaard, T.
Pictures | Videos | Stamps, coins, misc. | Google image
Picture by Østergaard, T.
Denmark country information
Common names:
Helt
Occurrence: introduced
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: fairly common (chances are about 50%) | Ref: Østergaard, T.A.S., 2000
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: protected | Ref:
Uses: gamefish: yes;
Comments: Occurs in the watercourses of Gudenåen, Limfjorden and the fjords and watercourses of West Jutland (Ref. 9945). Minimum size limit in TL: 36 cm in general; 34 cm in Ringkøbing Fjord. Protected in the period: 1. Nov. - 31. Jan. (Ref. 10963). Also Ref. 556.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/da.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007
National Database:
Occurrence: introduced
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: fairly common (chances are about 50%) | Ref: Østergaard, T.A.S., 2000
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: protected | Ref:
Uses: gamefish: yes;
Comments: Occurs in the watercourses of Gudenåen, Limfjorden and the fjords and watercourses of West Jutland (Ref. 9945). Minimum size limit in TL: 36 cm in general; 34 cm in Ringkøbing Fjord. Protected in the period: 1. Nov. - 31. Jan. (Ref. 10963). Also Ref. 556.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/da.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007
National Database:
Common names from other countries
Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei (teleosts) > Salmoniformes (Salmons) > Salmonidae (Salmonids) > Coregoninae
Etymology: Coregonus: Greek, kore = pupils of the eye + Greek, gonia = angle (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Etymology: Coregonus: Greek, kore = pupils of the eye + Greek, gonia = angle (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology
Freshwater; brackish; demersal; pH range: 7.0 - 7.5; dH range: 20 - ?; anadromous (Ref. 51243). Temperate; 4°C - 16°C (Ref. 2059); 78°N - 41°N, 6°W - 85°E
Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri
Europe: Native to Lake Bourget (France) and Geneva (Switzerland, France). Population of Lake Aiguebelette (France) apparently introduced, but a 'lavaret' had already been recorded from there in the 17th century (Ref. 59043). Other authors assume it to be a superspecies occurring in Great Britain and Alpine areas of Central Europe. Has been stocked into many other places in Europe outside its native range. There are many parallel and wrong scientific names for this species in use because of the problems in classifying the genus Coregonus (Ref. 7495). Asia: introduced to Iran (Ref. 39702).
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm 27.1, range 40 - ? cm
Max length : 73.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 40637); max. published weight: 10.0 kg (Ref. 35388)
Max length : 73.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 40637); max. published weight: 10.0 kg (Ref. 35388)
Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics
Dorsal spines (total): 3 - 5; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9 - 12; Anal spines: 3 - 5; Anal soft rays: 10 - 13. Mouth small with protruding upper jaw. Silvery body (Ref. 35388). Caudal fin with 19 soft rays (Ref. 40476).
Gregarious lacustrine forms (Ref. 2163) and anadromous estuarine forms, rarely in full saltwater. Feeds on planktonic crustaceans, or larger benthic crustaceans in brackish water. Movement in water column as a function of zooplankton repartition (Ref. 2163). Spawns in gravel, near shore, in shallow water, in December (Ref. 59043). Likely to benefit from environmental regulations in France passed on 8/12/88 (Ref. 2163).
Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Spawning takes place at night.
Main reference
Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators
Wheeler, A., 1992. A list of the common and scientific names of fishes of the British Isles. J. Fish Biol. 41(suppl.A):1-37. (Ref. 5204)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Vulnerable (VU) (D2); Date assessed: 01 January 2008
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes
FAO(Aquaculture systems: production; Fisheries: production; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us
More information
Population dynamics
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Spawning aggregations
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Reproduction
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Spawning aggregations
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Anatomy
Gill area
Brain
Otolith
Gill area
Brain
Otolith
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Tools
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Internet sources
Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | DiscoverLife | DORIS | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | GOBASE | | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | National databases | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia(Go, Search) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 5.8 - 12.5, mean 9.5 (based on 528 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00377 - 0.00529), b=3.20 (3.16 - 3.24), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.1 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Resilience (Ref. 120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.3-0.7; tmax=8; Fecundity=3,800 - 169,800).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).