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Add your observation in Fish Watcher
| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Siganus rivulatus AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
Upload your photos and videos
Pictures | Google image
Siganus rivulatus
Picture by Field, R.
Pictures | Google image
Picture by Field, R.
Cyprus country information
Common names:
Beyaz sokar, Marbled spinefoot, Prosphygoulla aspri
Occurrence: introduced
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: common (usually seen) | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: A lessepsian migrant. Found in Turkish Republic of northern Cyprus (Ref. 88082). Also Ref. 95695.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/cy.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Por, F.D., 1978
National Database:
Occurrence: introduced
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: common (usually seen) | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: A lessepsian migrant. Found in Turkish Republic of northern Cyprus (Ref. 88082). Also Ref. 95695.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/cy.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Por, F.D., 1978
National Database:
Common names from other countries
Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei (teleosts) > Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes) > Siganidae (Rabbitfishes)
Etymology: Siganus: Latin, siganus = a fish, rabbit fish; by the similarity of the nose (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Forsskål & Niebuhr.
Etymology: Siganus: Latin, siganus = a fish, rabbit fish; by the similarity of the nose (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Forsskål & Niebuhr.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology
Marine; brackish; reef-associated; depth range 1 - 30 m (Ref. 50672). Subtropical; 32°N - 36°S, 25°E - 58°E
Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri
Western Indian Ocean: several localities in East Africa, and from the Red Sea to the eastern Mediterranean via the Suez Canal.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm 13.7 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.2 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 118092); common length : 20.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 30573)
Max length : 30.2 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 118092); common length : 20.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 30573)
Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics
Dorsal spines (total): 13; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10; Anal spines: 7; Anal soft rays: 9; Vertebrae: 23. Upper body gray, green or brownish, silvery below; iris iridescent silver or golden. Body color patterns extend to the fins. Spines slender, pungent and venomous. Preopercular angle 88°-96°; cheeks scaled; midline of thorax, isthmus and midline of belly without scales. Frightened fish become mottled or with 6 diagonal zones across side. Tip of broad-based flap of anterior nostril reaching at least halfway to orifice of posterior nostril.
Inhabits shallow waters and generally in schools of 50 to several hundred individuals; prefers protected areas. Feeds by grazing on algae.
Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Main reference
Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Woodland, David J. | Collaborators
Woodland, D.J., 1990. Revision of the fish family Siganidae with descriptions of two new species and comments on distribution and biology. Indo-Pac. Fish. (19):136 p. (Ref. 1419)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 February 2009
Human uses
Fisheries: minor commercial; aquaculture: commercial
FAO(Aquaculture systems: production; ; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us
More information
Population dynamics
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Genetics
Genetics
Heterozygosity
Heritability
Genetics
Heterozygosity
Heritability
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Aquaculture profiles
Strains
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Aquaculture systems
Aquaculture profiles
Strains
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Tools
Bio-Quiz | E-book | Field guide | Length-frequency wizard | Life-history tool | Point map | Classification Tree
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Special reports
Download XML
Internet sources
Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | GOBASE | | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | National databases | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Public aquariums | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia(Go, Search) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 24.7 - 29.2, mean 27.3 (based on 573 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00969 - 0.01425), b=2.99 (2.94 - 3.04), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 2.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Resilience (Ref. 120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.22, tm=1-2).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).