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Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1816)
Cachama
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Colossoma macropomum
Picture by Lovshin, L.
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Picture by Lovshin, L.
Colombia country information
Common names:
Cachama negra, Gamitana
Occurrence: introduced
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Recorded from the Ciénaga de Santa Marta (10°43'-11°00'N and 74°16'-74°35'W), Magdalena river (Ref. 78646).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/co.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Jégu, M., 2003
National Database:
Occurrence: introduced
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Recorded from the Ciénaga de Santa Marta (10°43'-11°00'N and 74°16'-74°35'W), Magdalena river (Ref. 78646).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/co.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Jégu, M., 2003
National Database:
Common names from other countries
分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Characiformes (Characins) > Serrasalmidae (Piranhas and pacus) > Colossomatinae
Etymology: Colossoma: Greek, kolos = short, truncated + Greek, soma = body (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Etymology: Colossoma: Greek, kolos = short, truncated + Greek, soma = body (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Issue
See Machado-Allison 1982: 42, Géry 1986: 97 and Machado-Allison 1986: 2 for detailed description. See Goulding & Carvalho 1982 and Araujo Lima & Goulding 1997 for general biology and management. See Loubens & Panfili 1997 for growth biology.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性; pH range: 5.0 - 7.8; dH range: ? - 20; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 5 - ? m. 熱帶; 22°C - 28°C (Ref. 1672); 15°S - 35°S
分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri
South America: Amazon and Orinoco basins as wild form; pisciculture form largely distributed in South America.
南美洲: 如野生的形式亞馬遜河與奧里諾科河流域; 養殖的型式主要地分佈於南美洲了。
南美洲: 如野生的形式亞馬遜河與奧里諾科河流域; 養殖的型式主要地分佈於南美洲了。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 24 - ? cm
Max length : 108 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 70.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9987); 最大體重: 40.0 kg (Ref. 72380)
Max length : 108 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 70.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9987); 最大體重: 40.0 kg (Ref. 72380)
This species is usually solitary. Adults stay in flooded forests during first 5 months of flooding and consume but fruits and grains. Young and juveniles live in black waters of flood plains until their sexual maturity. Feeds on zooplankton, insects, snails and decaying plants (Ref. 32894). Used in aquaculture because it can live in mineral poor waters and is very resistant to diseases. Marketed fresh and frozen (Ref. 9987).
這種通常是獨居性。 成魚在洪水氾濫的最初 5個月的時候停留在被水淹沒的森林中而且只吃果實與穀粒。 幼魚與稚魚生活於沖積平原的黑色水域直到他們的性成熟。 吃浮游動物，昆蟲，蝸牛而且腐敗植物.(參考文獻 32894) 因為它能生活於礦物少量的水域而且是對疾病非常有抵抗性，所以被用於水產業了。 在市場上銷售生鮮和冷凍.(參考文獻 9987)
這種通常是獨居性。 成魚在洪水氾濫的最初 5個月的時候停留在被水淹沒的森林中而且只吃果實與穀粒。 幼魚與稚魚生活於沖積平原的黑色水域直到他們的性成熟。 吃浮游動物，昆蟲，蝸牛而且腐敗植物.(參考文獻 32894) 因為它能生活於礦物少量的水域而且是對疾病非常有抵抗性，所以被用於水產業了。 在市場上銷售生鮮和冷凍.(參考文獻 9987)
Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
南美洲: 如野生的形式亞馬遜河與奧里諾科河流域; 養殖的型式主要地分佈於南美洲了。
主要參考資料
Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者
Géry, J., 1977. Characoids of the world. Neptune City ; Reigate : T.F.H. [etc.]; 672 p. : ill. (chiefly col.) ; 23 cm. (Ref. 598)
對人類具威脅
引起創傷的
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 養殖: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
FAO(Aquaculture systems: 產生; 漁業: 產生; publication : search) | FishSource |
更多資訊
Population dynamics
成長參數
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
長度-頻率
Mass conversion
入添量
豐度
成長參數
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
長度-頻率
Mass conversion
入添量
豐度
Anatomy
鰓區
Brain
Otolith
鰓區
Brain
Otolith
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
耗氧量
游泳類型
游泳速度
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
耗氧量
游泳類型
游泳速度
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
工具
E-book | 野外調查 | 長度- 頻率 Wizard | 生活- 歷史的工具 | 分布圖 | Classification Tree
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特別的報告
下載 XML
網路資源
Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | 檢查 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(基因組, 核甘) | GloBI | GOBASE | | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | 國家資料庫 | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | 公眾的水族館 | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | 樹狀分類階層 | Wikipedia(去, 搜尋) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 動物學的記錄
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02239 (0.01185 - 0.04230), b=2.99 (2.82 - 3.16), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278): 2.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref. 120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.23; Fec=7,000-300,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100).