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Lates calcarifer (Bloch, 1790)
Barramundi
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Lates calcarifer AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
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Lates calcarifer
Picture by Lai, N.-W.
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Picture by Lai, N.-W.
Common names from other countries
Classification / Names Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Carangaria/misc (Various families in series Carangaria) > Latidae (Lates perches)
Etymology: Lates: Latin, lateo, latere = to be hidden.
More on author: Bloch.
Etymology: Lates: Latin, lateo, latere = to be hidden.
More on author: Bloch.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi
marina; sötvatten; brackvatten bottenlevande; katadrom (Ref. 51243); djupintervall 10 - 40 m (Ref. 7261). Tropical; 15°C - 28°C (Ref. 2060); 49°N - 26°S, 56°E - 155°E (Ref. 54239)
Utbredning Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Point map | Utplanteringar | Faunafri
Indo-West Pacific: eastern edge of the Persian Gulf to China, Taiwan and southern Japan, southward to southern Papua New Guinea and northern Australia.
Length at first maturity / Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm 44.5, range 29 - 60 cm
Max length : 200 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 7050); common length : 150 cm NG hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 9799); publicerad maxvikt: 60.0 kg (Ref. 28138); rapporterad maxålder: 35 år (Ref. 125591)
Max length : 200 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 7050); common length : 150 cm NG hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 9799); publicerad maxvikt: 60.0 kg (Ref. 28138); rapporterad maxålder: 35 år (Ref. 125591)
Short description Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 7 - 9; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 10 - 11; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 3; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 7 - 8. Body elongate; mouth large, slightly oblique, upper jaw extending behind the eye. Lower edge of preopercle serrated, with strong spine at its angle; opercle with a small spine and with a serrated flap above the origin of the lateral line. Caudal fin rounded.
Found in coastal waters, estuaries and lagoons, in clear to turbid water (Ref. 5259, 44894). A diadromous fish, inhabiting rivers before returning to the estuaries to spawn. A protandrous hermaphrodite (Ref. 32209). Larvae and young juveniles live in brackish temporary swamps associated with estuaries, and older juveniles inhabit the upper reaches of rivers (Ref. 6390, 44894). Have preference for cover on undercut banks, submerged logs and overhanging vegetation (Ref. 44894). Feed on fishes and crustaceans. They reach 1500-3000 g in one year in ponds under optimum conditions (Ref. 11046, 44894). Juveniles also eat insects (Ref. 44894). Sold fresh and frozen; consumed steamed, pan-fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9987). A very popular and sought-after fish of very considerable economic importance (Ref. 9799). Presently used for aquaculture in Thailand, Indonesia and Australia (Ref. 9799). Australia's most important commercial fish and one of the most popular angling species (Ref. 44894).
Life cycle and mating behavior Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver
Breed in estuaries throughout the Indo-Pacific. Maturing male barramundi migrate downstream from freshwater habitats at the start of the wet (monsoon) season to spawn with resident females in estuaries (Ref. 27132) and on tidal flats outside the mouths of rivers (Ref. 6390).
Barramundi spawn on the full moon and new moon, primarily at the beginning of an incoming tide which carries the eggs into the estuary (Ref. 28135).
Barramundi are broadcast spawners that aggregate to spawn (Ref. 6390). Spawning aggregations occur in or around the mouths of rivers (Ref. 28132). While adults and juveniles are capable of living in fresh water, brackish waters are required for embryonic development (Ref. 6136). Female barramundi are capable of producing large numbers of eggs, with estimates as high as 2.3 million eggs per kg of body weight (Ref. 28134).
Barramundi are protandrous hermaphrodites, i.e., they undergo sex reversion during their life cycle. Females are generally absent in the smaller length classes, but dominate larger length classes. Most barramundi mature first as males and function as males for one or more spawning seasons before undergoing sex inversion. A few females will develop directly from immature fish (Ref. 28132). Similarly, some males may never undergo sex inversion (Ref. 28132). Also Ref. 103751.
Main reference
Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare
Larson, H., 1999. Order Perciformes. Suborder Percoidei. Centropomidae. Sea perches. p. 2429-2432. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9799)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 15 February 2019
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fiskeri: kommersiellt viktig; Vattenbruk: kommersiell; sportfisk: ja; Akvarium: Offentliga akvarier
FAO(Aquaculture systems: produktion, species profile; fiskeri: produktion, species profile; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us
Ytterligare information
Population dynamics
Tillväxtparametrar
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Rekrytering
Abundans
Tillväxtparametrar
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Rekrytering
Abundans
Life cycle
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Fecundity
Lek
Spawning aggregations
Ägg
Egg development
Larver
Larvdynamik
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Fecundity
Lek
Spawning aggregations
Ägg
Egg development
Larver
Larvdynamik
Anatomy
Gälyta
Brain
Otolith
Gälyta
Brain
Otolith
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Syreförbrukning
Swimming type
Simhastighet
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
Syreförbrukning
Swimming type
Simhastighet
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Vattenbruksprofiler
Avelslinjer
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Aquaculture systems
Vattenbruksprofiler
Avelslinjer
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Verktyg
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Special reports
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Internet-källor
Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | GOBASE | | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Nationella databaser | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia(Go, sök) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 25 - 29.1, mean 28.3 (based on 710 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 0.5006 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00977 (0.00619 - 0.01542), b=3.00 (2.87 - 3.13), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 3.8 ±0.60 se; based on food items.
Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (K=0.09-0.13; tm=1-5; Fec = 15,300,000).
Prior r = 0.52, 95% CL = 0.34 - 0.77, Based on 3 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High to very high vulnerability (70 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).