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Arapaima - Espèces pour
Arapaimidae - - Classification -
- Arapaimidae
- Osteoglossiformes
- Teleostei
- Chordata
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Arapaima gigas
Picture by Lovshin, L.
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Picture by Lovshin, L.
Brazil country information
Common names:
Bodeco, Pira urucu, Pirarucu
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: highly commercial | Ref: Ferreira, E.J.G., J.A.S. Zuanon and G.M. dos Santos, 1998
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: restricted | Ref:
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Known from the Amazon River basin (Ref. 50891). Much appreciated food fish. Overfished in 1998. Catch prohibited from November to March (Ref. 27548). Also Ref. 1739.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/br.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Ferreira, E.J.G., J.A.S. Zuanon and G.M. dos Santos, 1998
National Database:
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: highly commercial | Ref: Ferreira, E.J.G., J.A.S. Zuanon and G.M. dos Santos, 1998
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: restricted | Ref:
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Known from the Amazon River basin (Ref. 50891). Much appreciated food fish. Overfished in 1998. Catch prohibited from November to March (Ref. 27548). Also Ref. 1739.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/br.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Ferreira, E.J.G., J.A.S. Zuanon and G.M. dos Santos, 1998
National Database:
Common names from other countries
Classification / Names Noms communs | Synonymes | Catalog of Fishes(Genre, Espèce) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Osteoglossiformes (Bony tongues) > Arapaimidae (Bonytongues)
Etymology: Arapaima: From tupí-guaraní, arapaima (Ref. 45335).
Etymology: Arapaima: From tupí-guaraní, arapaima (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Écologie
; eau douce démersal; pH range: 6.0 - 6.5; dH range: 10 - ?. Tropical; 25°C - 29°C (Ref. 2060); 5°N - 11°S
Distribution Pays | Zones FAO | Écosystèmes | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri
South America: Amazon River basin. The active fishing of this fish has reduced both the population size, and occurrence of large individuals, especially around the populated regions of the Amazon (Ref. 50891).
Length at first maturity / Taille / Poids / Âge
Maturity: Lm 149.5, range 145 - 154 cm
Max length : 450 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 6398); common length : 200 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 557); poids max. publié: 200.0 kg (Ref. 557)
Max length : 450 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 6398); common length : 200 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 557); poids max. publié: 200.0 kg (Ref. 557)
Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Often referred to as the largest freshwater fish. Builds a nest of about 15 cm depth and 50 cm width in sandy bottoms. Spawns in April and May and guards the eggs and the young. Obligate air breather. The fish rises to the surface of the water and inspires air in a noisy, distinctive gulp, which is reported to carry for long distances (Ref. 50891). Migrates into higher floodplain habitats with rising water and moves back eventually to lacustrine habitats during low water level (Ref. 116898). Threatened due to over harvesting (Ref. 58490).
Life cycle and mating behavior Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves
Référence principale
Upload your references | Références | Coordinateur | Collaborateurs
Ferraris, C.J. Jr., 2003. Arapaimatidae (Bonytongues). p. 31. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 50891)
Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Données manquantes (DD) ; Date assessed: 01 August 1996
Menace pour l'homme
Harmless
Utilisations par l'homme
Pêcheries: commercial; Aquaculture: commercial; pêche sportive: oui; Aquarium: Aquariums publics
FAO(Aquaculture systems: production; pêcheries: production; publication : search) | FishSource |
Plus d'informations
Trophic ecology
Éléments du régime alimentaire
Composition du régime alimentaire
Consommation alimentaire
Food rations
Prédateurs
Éléments du régime alimentaire
Composition du régime alimentaire
Consommation alimentaire
Food rations
Prédateurs
Population dynamics
Paramètres de croissance
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Fréquences de longueurs
Mass conversion
Recrutement
Abondance
Paramètres de croissance
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Fréquences de longueurs
Mass conversion
Recrutement
Abondance
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Consommation d'oxygène
Type de nage
Vitesse de nage
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
Consommation d'oxygène
Type de nage
Vitesse de nage
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Profils d'aquaculture
Souches
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Aquaculture systems
Profils d'aquaculture
Souches
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outils
Bio-Quiz | E-book | Guide de terrain | Générateur de fréquences de longueur | Outil de dynamique de population | Carte par point | Classification Tree
| Catch-MSY |
Articles particuliers
Télécharger en XML
Sources Internet
Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes(Genre, Espèce) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(génôme, nucléotide) | GloBI | GOBASE | | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | OsteoBase(skull, spine) | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Aquariums publics | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | Arbre de Vie | Wikipedia(aller à, chercher) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 0.5938 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01096 (0.00594 - 0.02026), b=2.94 (2.77 - 3.11), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Niveau trophique (Ref. 69278): 4.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Résilience (Ref. 120179): Faible, temps minimum de doublement de population : 4,5 à 14 années (tm=4-6; Fec=47,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).