| Scientific Name | Author | English Name |
|---|---|---|
| Aulotrachichthys argyrophanus | (Woods, 1961) | Western luminous roughy |
| Aulotrachichthys atlanticus | (Menezes, 1971) | Brazilian luminous roughy |
| Aulotrachichthys heptalepis | (Gon, 1984) | Hawaiian luminous roughy |
| Aulotrachichthys latus | (Fowler, 1938) | Philippine luminous roughy |
| Aulotrachichthys novaezelandicus | (Kotlyar, 1980) | New Zealand roughy |
| Aulotrachichthys nyx | Su, Ho & Lin, 2023 | Dark-night luminous roughy |
| Aulotrachichthys prosthemius | (Jordan & Fowler, 1902) | West Pacific luminous roughy |
| Aulotrachichthys pulsator | Gomon & Kuiter, 1987 | Golden roughy |
| Aulotrachichthys sajademalensis | (Kotlyar, 1979) | Saya de Malha luminous roughy |
| Aulotrachichthys spiralis | Matsunuma, Ujihara & Endo, 2023 | Spiralis luminous-roughy |
| Aulotrachichthys titan | Matsunuma, Ujihara & Endo, 2023 | Large-head luminous-roughy |
| Gephyroberyx darwinii | (Johnson, 1866) | Darwin's slimehead |
| Gephyroberyx japonicus | (Döderlein, 1883) | Big roughy |
| Hoplostethus abramovi | Kotlyar, 1986 | |
| Hoplostethus atlanticus | Collett, 1889 | Orange roughy |
| Hoplostethus cadenati | Quéro, 1974 | Black slimehead |
| Hoplostethus confinis | Kotlyar, 1980 | |
| Hoplostethus crassispinus | Kotlyar, 1980 | |
| Hoplostethus druzhinini | Kotlyar, 1986 | |
| Hoplostethus fedorovi | Kotlyar, 1986 | |
| Hoplostethus fragilis | (de Buen, 1959) | Chilean roughy |
| Hoplostethus gigas | McCulloch, 1914 | Giant sawbelly |
| Hoplostethus grandperrini | Roberts & Gomon, 2012 | Grandperrin's giant sawbelly |
| Hoplostethus japonicus | Hilgendorf, 1879 | Western Pacific roughy |
| Hoplostethus latus | McCulloch, 1914 | Palefin sawbelly |
| Hoplostethus marisrubri | Kotlyar, 1986 | Red Sea roughy |
| Hoplostethus mediterraneus | Cuvier, 1829 | Mediterranean slimehead |
| Hoplostethus melanopeza | Roberts & Gomon, 2012 | New Zealand giant sawbelly |
| Hoplostethus melanopterus | Fowler, 1938 | Blackfin roughy |
| Hoplostethus melanopus | (Weber, 1913) | Smallscale slimehead |
| Hoplostethus mento | (Garman, 1899) | Slimy head |
| Hoplostethus metallicus | Fowler, 1938 | Metallic roughy |
| Hoplostethus mikhailini | Kotlyar, 1986 | |
| Hoplostethus occidentalis | Woods, 1973 | Atlantic Roughy |
| Hoplostethus pacificus | Garman, 1899 | Eastern Pacific roughy |
| Hoplostethus ravurictus | Gomon, 2008 | |
| Hoplostethus rifti | Kotlyar, 1986 | |
| Hoplostethus robustispinus | Moore & Dodd, 2010 | Thickspine roughy |
| Hoplostethus roseus | Su, Lin & Ho, 2022 | Rosy roughy |
| Hoplostethus rubellopterus | Kotlyar, 1980 | |
| Hoplostethus shubnikovi | Kotlyar, 1980 | Metavay sawbelly |
| Hoplostethus tenebricus | Kotlyar, 1980 | |
| Hoplostethus vniro | Kotlyar, 1995 | |
| Optivus agastos | Gomon, 2004 | Violet roughy |
| Optivus agrammus | Gomon, 2004 | Western roughy |
| Optivus elongatus | (Günther, 1859) | Slender roughy |
| Paratrachichthys fernandezianus | (Günther, 1887) | Chilean sandpaperfish |
| Paratrachichthys macleayi | (Johnston, 1881) | Sandpaper fish |
| Paratrachichthys trailli | (Hutton, 1875) | Common roughy |
| Parinoberyx horridus | Kotlyar, 1984 | |
| Sorosichthys ananassa | Whitley, 1945 | Little pineapple fish |
| Trachichthys australis | Shaw, 1799 | Roughy |