Neoplecostomus bandeirante Roxo, Oliveira & Zawadzki, 2012

Family:  Loricariidae (Armored catfishes), subfamily: Hypoptopomatinae
Max. size:  10.99 cm SL (male/unsexed)
Environment:  demersal; freshwater
Distribution:  South America: Known only from the type locality, Rio Paraitinguinha, Rio Tietê basin, in the municipality of Salesópolis, São Paulo state, Brazil.
Diagnosis:  Dorsal spines (total): 1-1; Dorsal soft rays (total): 7-7; Anal soft rays: 6-6. Distinguished from all other congeners by having moderate keels along each lateral series of plates (vs. keels absent in all series of plates) and by first plates in the mid-ventral series that are smaller in length than the area surrounding each plate (vs. greater). These characteristics are more evident in mature males. This species further differs from all other congeners, except N. selenae and N. yapo, due to the presence of odontodes along the snout margin and the ridge over the eyes that are slightly larger than the remaining odontodes on the head (vs. odontodes along the snout margin and ridge over eyes similar in length to the remaining odontodes on the head). Neoplecostomus bandeirante differs from N. selenae and N. yapo by the absence of a swollen integument around the enlarged odontodes on the snout margin and the ridge over the eyes in mature males (vs. presence of swollen integument around the enlarged odontodes on the snout margin and ridge over eyes in mature males) (Ref. 89726).
Biology: 
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC); Date assessed: 18 May 2022 Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless


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