Leporinus geminis Garavello & Santos, 2009

Family:  Anostomidae (Headstanders)
Max. size:  18 cm SL (male/unsexed)
Environment:  benthopelagic; freshwater
Distribution:  South America: Rio Tocantins, Brazil.
Diagnosis:  Dorsal soft rays (total): 11-12; Anal soft rays: 9-9. Differs from its congeners by the following characters: one longitudinal and discontinuous narrow dark brown stripe running inconspicuously from a vertical through middle of dorsal fin to base of caudal peduncle along lateral line; two or three large dark brown vertically elongated blotches along middle trunk: first at the vertical through dorsal-fin, second anterior to adipose fin and third on the caudal peduncle; mainly in young specimens, 12-13 short transversal dark brown bars meeting small dark brown blotches laterally; snout length 39  to 47.6% in head length; orbital diameter 21.4  to 27.8% of head length; body depth 21.6  to 26.0% of SL; sub-inferior mouth (inferior margin of superior lip horizontally aligned with the inferior margin of infraorbital bones); 4 teeth on each premaxillary and dentary; teeth gross incisive-like, forming an arched cutting edge, decreasing in size from the symphysal largest pair; 40 to 42 scales in the lateral line, 5,5  or 6 scales series above and 5 under lateral line and 16 circumpeduncular series of scales (Ref. 80692). Description: Dorsal fin ii (iii) + 9  rays; anal fin ii + 7 rays; pectoral fin i + 15 (16) rays; pelvic fin i  + 8 (9) rays (Ref. 80692).
Biology:  Distinct pairs breed on densely grown weedy places (Ref. 205).
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC); Date assessed: 19 June 2020 Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless


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