Main Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
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Remarks | Inhabits turbid inner lagoons, reef flats, and clear seaward rocky and coral reefs (Ref. 1602, 48637). Generally encountered in small groups of 2 or 3 individuals (Ref. 9267). Adults occur singly, in pairs and occasionally are seen in large schools (Ref. 48637). Feeds mainly on sponges (Ref. 59308) and small encrusting animals (Ref. 6113). Sessile invertebrate feeder (Ref. 57615). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Soft Bottom: sand; mud; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro and K. Pothin, 2004 |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs: reef flats; lagoons; |
Special habitats Ref. | Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006 |
Ref. | Kuiter, R.H. and T. Tonozuka, 2001 |
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Associations | solitary; schooling; |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
Feeding habit | variable |
Feeding habit Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 2.87 | 0.00 | |||
From individual food items | 2.49 | 0.00 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |