Main Ref. | Lucena, F.M., T. Vaske Jr., J.R. Ellis and C.M. O'Brien, 2000 |
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Remarks | Especially abundant at about 100 m depth (Ref. 27363). Found over sand and mud bottoms (Ref. 47377). Caught below 165 m depth and at temperatures over 15.2°C in Brazil (Ref. 54164). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Soft Bottom: sand; mud; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Lucena, F.M., T. Vaske Jr., J.R. Ellis and C.M. O'Brien, 2000 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Haimovici, M., A.S. Martins, J.L. Figueiredo and P.C. Vieira, 1994 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.85 | 0.57 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |