Main Ref. | Scott, W.B. and E.J. Crossman, 1973 |
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Remarks | Inhabits open water of clear, cold medium to large rivers and lakes, entering rocky creeks to spawn (Ref. 5723). Forms schools in moderate numbers (Ref. 9988). Young feed on zooplankton with a gradual shift to immature insects; adults feed mainly on surface insects but also take in fishes, fish eggs, lemmings, and planktonic crustaceans (Ref. 1998). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate Ref. | |
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Special habitats Ref. |
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Associations | |
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Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Scott, W.B. and E.J. Crossman, 1973 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.26 | 0.20 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. | ||
From individual food items | 3.32 | 0.40 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Levanidov, V.Y., 1959 |