Main Ref. | Fischer, W., M.-L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.), 1987 |
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Remarks | More or less gregarious, old and young specimens mixed. Feeds mainly on bivalves (Ref. 46112). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | : rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Fischer, W., M.-L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.), 1987 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Fischer, W., M.-L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.), 1987 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.38 | 0.14 | 3.15 | 0.35 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
From individual food items | 3.32 | 0.52 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Deady, S. and J.M. Fives, 1995 |