Main Ref. | Woodland, D.J., 1990 |
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Remarks | Associated with seagrass (Ref. 118046). Usually seen feeding from the bottom in the surge zone at the reef's edge. When disturbed, they often respond by swimming away in midwater, not by attempting to hide near the bottom like other siganids (Ref. 1419). Also Ref. 58534. |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | : rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs: reef flats; |
Special habitats Ref. | Broad, G., 2003 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
Feeding habit | grazing on aquatic plants |
Feeding habit Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 2.00 | 0.00 | 2.00 | 0.00 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
From individual food items | 2.63 | 0.22 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |