Main Ref. | Yamashita, Y., N. Piamthipmanus and K. Mochizuki, 1987 |
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Remarks | Inhabits coral reefs (Ref. 58534). Occurs in inshore waters of the continental shelf (Ref. 7300). Associated with seagrass (Ref. 118046). Forms large demersal schools over soft bottom habitats at depths shallower than 50 m. Sometimes ascends into freshwater reaches; encountered in the freshwater tidal zone in the Mekong delta (Ref. 12693). Demersal. Dwells in soft subtrates. Schooling species. Diurnal feeder. Feeds on ostracods, gastropods, euphausiids, and small and juvenile fishes (Ref. 9773). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: demersal; Soft Bottom |
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Substrate Ref. | Al-Abdessalaam, T.Z.S., 1995 |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | schooling; |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Yamashita, Y., N. Piamthipmanus and K. Mochizuki, 1987 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Yamashita, Y., N. Piamthipmanus and K. Mochizuki, 1987 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.84 | 0.24 | 3.40 | 0.35 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
From individual food items | 3.92 | 0.47 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Yamashita, Y., N. Piamthipmanus and K. Mochizuki, 1987 |