Main Ref. | WoRMS, 2015 |
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Remarks | Inhabits waters over the continental shelf. Poor swimmer but has a big eyes which allow it to have a wide-angle vision for detecting and capturing prey. In a sense, it is an ambush predator, waiting in rocky habitats for mobile prey. Possibility of encountering prey mainly depends on prey abundace, distribution, and behavior. A specialized predator which primarily feeds on crustaceans; however, it also consumes other prey species (Ref. 101634). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: demersal; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Barrientos, C.A., 2004 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Barrientos, C.A., 2004 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.69 | 0.62 | Troph of adults and juv./adults from 1 study. | ||
From individual food items | 3.79 | 0.82 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |