Main Ref. | Carpenter, K.E. and N. De Angelis (eds.), 2016 |
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Remarks | Mesopelagic (Ref.109257). Mesopelagic to bathypelagic in southern part of its range and benthopelagic from 365 to 1,200 m in the northern part (Ref. 4461). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic; Pelagic; |
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Substrate Ref. | Quéro, J.-C., T. Matsui, R.H. Rosenblatt and Y.I. Sazonov, 1990 |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | |
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Feeding type Ref. | |
Feeding habit | |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | |||||
Ref. |