Ecology Summary - Retropinna retropinna

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Main Ref.	Boubée, J.T. and F.J. Ward, 1997
Remarks	Migrates into estuaries and lower reaches of rivers during spring (Ref. 11115). Smelt populations can be divided into: lacustrine, reservoir, and diadromous populations. The lacustrine group may be either truly land-locked or have direct or indirect access to the sea. Diadromous smelt spend the first stages of their lives at sea, in the estuary, or in the lower reaches of the river. Some migrate upstream and into lowland lakes with direct access to the main river as maturing fish in spring. They feed during summer and early autumn and spawn on sand bars in the main river in late autumn and winter. Lake and reservoir smelt do not migrate but feed and reproduce in their respective habitats (Ref. 42114).

Main Ref.

Boubée, J.T. and F.J. Ward, 1997

Remarks

Migrates into estuaries and lower reaches of rivers during spring (Ref. 11115). Smelt populations can be divided into: lacustrine, reservoir, and diadromous populations. The lacustrine group may be either truly land-locked or have direct or indirect access to the sea. Diadromous smelt spend the first stages of their lives at sea, in the estuary, or in the lower reaches of the river. Some migrate upstream and into lowland lakes with direct access to the main river as maturing fish in spring. They feed during summer and early autumn and spawn on sand bars in the main river in late autumn and winter. Lake and reservoir smelt do not migrate but feed and reproduce in their respective habitats (Ref. 42114).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Retropinna retropinna may be found.

Habitat

Substrate
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Boubée, J.T. and F.J. Ward, 1997
Feeding habit
Feeding habit Ref.

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	Original sample		Unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition	3.20	0.20			Troph of juv./adults from 3 studies.
From individual food items	3.15	0.39			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.

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