Ecology Summary - Pseudorhombus arsius

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Main Ref.	Blaber, S.J.M., 1980
Remarks	Euryhaline species. Prefers muddy, sandy or gravel bottom. Juveniles can make extensive use of estuaries and inhabit mangrove swamps. Both juveniles and adults can be found in the intertidal, on muddy and sandy bottoms and near mangrove and seagrass beds (Ref. 121944). Dwells in shallow, muddy substrates where it burrows into mud or sand, leaving only its eyes exposed. Ambush predator. Feeds on crabs, marine worms, and small fishes. Larvae resemble regular fishes and inhabits the water column. Eventually, its right eye migrates towards the left side and its skull twists as it transforms into its benthic adult stage (Ref. 9773).

Main Ref.

Blaber, S.J.M., 1980

Remarks

Euryhaline species. Prefers muddy, sandy or gravel bottom. Juveniles can make extensive use of estuaries and inhabit mangrove swamps. Both juveniles and adults can be found in the intertidal, on muddy and sandy bottoms and near mangrove and seagrass beds (Ref. 121944). Dwells in shallow, muddy substrates where it burrows into mud or sand, leaving only its eyes exposed. Ambush predator. Feeds on crabs, marine worms, and small fishes. Larvae resemble regular fishes and inhabits the water column. Eventually, its right eye migrates towards the left side and its skull twists as it transforms into its benthic adult stage (Ref. 9773).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Pseudorhombus arsius may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Benthic: demersal; Soft Bottom: sand; mud; Hard Bottom: rocky;
Substrate Ref.	Al-Abdessalaam, T.Z.S., 1995
Special habitats	Beds: sea grass;
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Blaber, S.J.M., 1980
Feeding habit	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.	Blaber, S.J.M., 1980

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	Original sample		Unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition	4.16	0.69			Troph of juv./adults from 1 study.
From individual food items	4.02	0.54			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.	Nasir, N.A., 2000

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