Main Ref. | Muus, B.J. and P. Dahlström, 1974 |
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Remarks | Juveniles of less than a year old feed on plankton and larvae of insects, juveniles of more than a year and adults feed on benthic fauna (Ref. 51442). The adults burrow in the sand during daytime and search for food during nighttime (Ref. 173). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Soft Bottom |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Muus, B.J. and P. Dahlström, 1974 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Muus, B.J. and P. Dahlström, 1974 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.32 | 0.19 | 3.16 | 0.30 | Troph of juv./adults from 2 studies. |
From individual food items | 3.30 | 0.46 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Costa, M.J., 1988 |