Main Ref. | Rainboth, W.J., 1996 |
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Remarks | Occurs in brackish estuaries, river mouths and freshwater creeks (Ref. 2847). Found in the lower courses of rivers, often upstream from the tidal zone (Ref. 12693). Young are usually found while wading in rocky creeks near the coast (Ref. 2847). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.26 | 0.55 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Talde, C.M., A.C. Mamaril and M.L.D. Palomares, 2004 |