Main Ref. | Iken, K., E.R. Barrera-Oro, M.L. Quartino, R.J. Casaux and T. Brey, 1997 |
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Remarks | Dominant inshore demersal fish in waters of the west Antarctic Peninsula, including the South Shetland Islands, Palmer Archipelago, and the South Orkney Islands. Remains nearshore once it becomes demersal after an early pelagic phase although observed around Elephant Island to migrate in deeper waters for spawning. Mainly abundant in areas of high macroalgal density (Ref. 38440). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | : rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Iken, K., E.R. Barrera-Oro, M.L. Quartino, R.J. Casaux and T. Brey, 1997 |
Feeding habit | |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 2.75 | 0.35 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |