Main Ref. | Laroche, J.L., 1982 |
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Remarks | Occurs in estuaries (especially in the north) (Ref. 7251) to 357 m depth (Ref. 58426). It is tolerant of temperatures between 0 and 21°C. Feeds on crustaceans, mollusks, sea squirts, sea urchins and fishes (Ref. 58426). The larvae feed on zooplankton and zoobenthos (Ref. 13548). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Lazzari, M.A., K.W. Able and M.P. Fahay, 1989 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.74 | 3.57 | 0.48 | Troph of adults from 1 study. | |
From individual food items | 3.48 | 0.44 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Lazzari, M.A., K.W. Able and M.P. Fahay, 1989 |