Ecology of Menticirrhus undulatus
 
Main Ref. Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983
Remarks Occurs along sandy shores and in bays, usually in sandy surfs of exposed outer coast. Usually found in small groups; larger fish are more solitary. Feeds on sand crabs, other small crustaceans, and worms. Spawning begins in July.

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

Marine - Neritic Marine - Oceanic Brackishwater Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Menticirrhus undulatus may be found.

Habitat

Substrate Soft Bottom
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

مرجع
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref. Chao, L.N., 1995
Feeding habit hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref. Chao, L.N., 1995
Trophic Level(s)
Estimation method Original sample Unfished population Remark
Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition
From individual food items 3.34 0.50 Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
مرجع
(بعنوان مثال 346)
(بعنوان مثال oophagy)
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