Main Ref. | Andriashev, A.P., 1986 |
---|---|
Remarks | Lives at temperature of 0-5°C. Off Greenland it measures 50 cm and off Scandinavia rarely over 25-30 cm (Ref. 35388). Benthic (Ref. 58426). Feeds mostly on endobenthic prey, with shrimps and euphausiids becoming the more prominent prey as the size increases (Ref. 13532). Prefers warmer waters. Large eggs of 6 mm diameter are deposited on the sea floor (Ref. 13534). Parasites of the species include a protozoan, Trypanosoma murmanensis; blood parasites; and copepods Clavella insolita and Haemobaphes cyclopterina (Ref. 5951). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
Substrate | Soft Bottom |
---|---|
Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
---|---|
Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | Not commercially exploited in the NW Atlantic, but occur frequently in bottom-trawl catches over broad ranges of depth and temperature (Ref. 13534); may suggest absence of aggregating behavior. |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
---|---|
Feeding type Ref. | Valtysson, H.T., 1995 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Andriashev, A.P., 1986 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.36 | 0.38 | |||
From individual food items | 3.40 | 0.42 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Valtysson, H.T., 1995 |