Main Ref. | Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen, 1989 |
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Remarks | Occur inshore (Ref. 75154). Largest and the longest-snouted lethrinid (Ref. 37816). Found in sandy coastal areas, lagoons, and reef slopes (Ref. 30573). Juveniles are found in shallow sandy areas. Often occur in large schools. Adults deep along coastal slopes and drop-offs, usually solitary (Ref. 48635). Feed on cephalopods, fish and benthic crustaceans (Ref. 2295). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006 |
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Associations | |
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Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen, 1989 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen, 1989 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.95 | 0.39 | 3.74 | 0.56 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
From individual food items | 4.20 | 0.58 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Kulbicki, M., Y.-M. Bozec, P. Labrosse, Y. Letourneur, G. Mou-Tham and L. Wantiez, 2005 |