Main Ref. | Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene, 1990 |
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Remarks | Inhabit weedy areas near rocks or reefs. Juveniles often near river mouths and in brackish water. Adults are solitary, juveniles often form small groups (Ref. 1602). Present in seagrass beds at all life stages (Ref. 41878). Feed on benthic invertebrates by blowing away the sand (Ref. 1602). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
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Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Myers, R.F., 1991 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Myers, R.F., 1991 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.50 | 0.37 | Tentative trophic level derived from 1 + troph of a single food item | ||
Ref. |