生態學： Haemulon carbonarium
 
主要參考文獻 Randall, J.E., 1967
附註 Occurs in clear rocky or coral reefs (Ref. 5217) and mangroves (Ref. 26340). Nocturnal feeder on crabs, gastropods, starfish and annelid worms (Ref. 5521). Mobile invertebrates feeder (Ref. 57616).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

Marine - Neritic Marine - Oceanic Brackishwater Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
  • 河口/瀉湖/半鹹淡水海洋
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • 洞
  • 專門地
Highighted items on the list are where Haemulon carbonarium may be found.

Habitat

Substrate : rocky;
Substrate Ref. Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez, 1992
Special habitats Beds: others; Coral Reefs;
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

參考文獻 Courtenay, W.R. and H.F. Sahlman, 1978
Associations schooling;
Associated with
Association remarks Often forming schools (Ref. 3798).
Parasitism

進食

攝取食物的類型 mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref. Randall, J.E., 1967
攝取食物的習慣 hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref. Randall, J.E., 1967
Trophic Level(s)
Estimation method 最初的樣本 不捕獲族群 附註
Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
從食物內容 3.68 0.18 3.20 0.39 Troph of juv./adults from 2 studies.
從個別的食物項目 3.50 0.51 Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
參考文獻 Randall, J.E., 1967
(例如 346)
(例如 oophagy)
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